4.1.2 Memory

Question 1

who made the multi store model ?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin

Question 2

when was the multi store model proposed ?

Answer 2

1968

Question 3

key points of the multi store model

Answer 3

memories have 3 stores
and the information goes through a series of storage stages

Question 4

what are the 3 stores of memories?

Answer 4

sensory register
short term memory
long term memory

Question 5

what is meant by coding ?

Answer 5

the form in which the information is stored in

Question 6

what is meant by capacity ?

Answer 6

how much can you store at once

Question 7

what is meant by duration ?

Answer 7

for how long can you recall information until you start to forget it

Question 8

what is an iconic memory ?

Answer 8

visual information from they eyes

Question 9

what is meant by echoic memory ?

Answer 9

auditory input from ears

Question 10

what is meant by a haptic memory ?

Answer 10

touch input from the body

Question 11

what is a model of memory ?

Answer 11

a representation of memory

Question 12

what does the sensory register do ?

Answer 12

takes info from one of the sense organs and holds it in the same form
- coding

Question 13

Evaluation points for Baddeley 1966

Answer 13

• the study was a lab study so we can show causality (cause and effect) and it can be replicated to check the results
• may lack ecological activity
• Baddeley’s findings make cognitive sense

Question 14

Evaluation points for Peterson and Peterson 1959

Answer 14

• flawed because different trigrams were used every time, which means some people may had easier letters to remember
• Marsh et al 1977 - if participants are not expecting to recall info, STM duration was only between 2 and 4 sec

Question 15

Evaluation points for Bahrick et al 1975

Answer 15

• higher external validity, real life meaningful memories were studied
• when studies on the LTM have been conducted with meaningless pictures, recall was lower
• downside = confounding variables cannot be controlled because they might have looked at the pics over the years so memories might be rehearsed

Question 16

what is meant by a confounding variable ?

Answer 16

a variable that is not the independent variable that confuses the results

Question 17

what is the coding for LTM ?

Answer 17

semantic ( with meaning)

Question 18

what is the capacity for LTM

Answer 18

large

Question 19

what is the duration of the LTM ?

Answer 19

a lifetime

Question 20

what is the capacity of SR ?

Answer 20

large

Question 21

what is the duration of the SR ?

Answer 21

less than half a second