4th Year Core Clinical Problems

Question 1

causes of generalised weakness

Answer 1

Guillain-Barre
myasthenia gravis
myopathy
cord

Question 2

headache causes

Answer 2

tension HA
migraine
cluster HA
intracranial haemorrhage
brain/pituitary tumour
extra-cranial (nasal, ear, teeth)
meningitis
facial pain
temporal arteritis
trigeminal neuralgia

Question 3

causes of paraplegia

Answer 3

spinal injuries
malignancy causing spinal cord compression
acute disc prolapse
neurofibroma/meningioma
epidural abscess
post-infection transverse myelitis
spina bifida
GBS
MS
MND
spinal cord infarction

Question 4

causes of numbness and tingling

Answer 4

carpal tunnel syndrome
generalised peripheral neuropathy
MS
stroke
TIA
epilepsy
migraine
drugs
anxiety/panic
hyperventilation

Question 5

causes of tremor

Answer 5

PD
anxiety
hyperthyroidism
drugs
inherited
alcohol
cerebellar disorders

Question 6

where do UMN carry information from and to?

Answer 6

precentral gyrus to anterior horn

Question 7

what is spasticity?

Answer 7

occurs in strong muscles and is velocity dependent (clasp knife)

Question 8

where is the injury if Babinski is +ve?

Answer 8

UMN

Question 9

where do LMNs travel?

Answer 9

anterior horn cells distally

Question 10

what causes locked in syndrome?

Answer 10

damage to ventral pons due to pontine artery occlusion