5. Bones 2

Question 1

What are osteons?

Answer 1

cylindrical unit of bone

They provide strength, resistance to bending, and allow for blood vessel passage to nourish bone tissue.

Question 2

What is the function of the Haversian canal?

Answer 2

The Haversian canal contains the bone’s blood vessels and nerve fibers.

Question 3

What is the primary function of red bone marrow?

Answer 3

Red bone marrow is needed for blood cell production.

Question 4

What types of cells can stem cells in red bone marrow develop into?

Answer 4

• Red blood cells
• Platelets
• White blood cells

Question 5

What is the role of yellow bone marrow?

Answer 5

Yellow bone marrow is involved in the storage of fats in adipocytes and can be used as an energy source.

Question 6

What types of cells can stem cells in yellow bone marrow develop into?

Answer 6

• Bone
• Fat
• Cartilage
• Muscle cells

Question 7

What are the two main types of bone tissue?

Answer 7

• Cancellous (spongy) bone
• Compact bone

Question 8

What is the structure of compact bone?

Answer 8

Compact bone is dense and forms the external layer of all bones.

Question 9

What is the structure of cancellous (spongey) bone?

Answer 9

Cancellous (spongey) bone is very porous, highly vascularized, and contains red bone marrow.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Bone tissue is composed of _______ and forms the external layer of all bones.

Answer 10

compact bone

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Spongy bone tissue is composed of _______ and forms the inner part of all bones.

Answer 11

cancellous bone

Question 12

What are the four types of cells that compose bony tissue?

Answer 12

• Osteoblasts
• Osteocytes
• Osteoclasts
• Stem cells

Question 13

True or False: Osteons help the bone resist bending or fracturing.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the significance of the alignment of osteons?

Answer 14

Osteons are aligned in the same direction along lines of stress to help the bone resist bending or fracturing.

Question 15

What is the main characteristic of cancellous bone?

Answer 15

Cancellous bone is light mass, not dense, and absorbs shock.