5.2. Internal Migration

Question 1

Rural to urban migration

Answer 1

Peripheral regions to economic core regions

- In LICs, the socio-economic differences are a greater magnitude than in MEDCs

Question 2

Rural to rural migration

Answer 2

• Common in LICs

- Employment, family reunion, marriage

Question 3

Step Migration

Answer 3

Occurs when a rural migrant initially heads for a familiar small town and then after a period of time moves on to a larger urban settlement. Over years, the migrant may take a number of steps up the urban hierarchy

Question 4

Urban to urban migration

Answer 4

• step migration - moving up the hierarchy as migrants improve their knowledge base and financial position
• for employment and education
• Develop skills and increase knowledge of and confidence in urban environments
• They may become aware of better employment opportunities in larger urban areas
• develop the personal contacts that can be so important in the migration process

Question 5

Decision to migrate

Answer 5

• level of income
• size of land holding
• size of household
• stage in life cycle
• level of education
• cohesiveness of family unit
  (HEFILL)

Question 6

Political impact of internal migration

Answer 6

• Depopulation of areas –> reduced political voice of community –> decreased funding form government
• Change ethnic composition of an area

Question 7

Environmental impact of internal migration

Answer 7

• Deforestation - increasing demand for firewood
• increasing demand on regional water supplies
• expansion of landfill sites
• air and water pollution from factories, households, power stations, transportation

Question 8

Examples of urban to urban migration

Answer 8

village –> market town –> regional city –> national conurbation

Question 9

Causes of Intra-urban movements

Answer 9

• family life cycle - people live at different places in different stages of life

Question 10

Family life cycle

Answer 10

involves families with children passing through various
stages over time (pre-child stage, family building, dispersal, post-child stage), with corresponding changes in housing
needs.

Question 11

Intra-urban movements in UK (Middle income)

Answer 11

1) semi-detatched housing - childhood - suburb
2) rented room - pre-parenthood - inner city
3) starter home (owned) - child bearing - suburb
4) family home (owned) - primary and adoscelent
5) retirement bungalo - elderly - rural urban fringe

Question 12

Counterurbanisation (Urban to Rural)

Answer 12

the process of population decentralisation as people

move from large urban areas to smaller urban settlements and rural areas.