5B-RuBisco

Question 1

What does Rubisco do?

Answer 1

Kick-starts the Calvin cycle by binding CO2 (carbon fixation) to creat a glucose molecule during the light-independent stage

Question 2

What is an inorganic compound?

Answer 2

A compound that does not contain a carbon-hydrogen bond, eg corbondioxide

Question 2

What is an organic compound?

Answer 2

A compound containing a carbon-hydrogen bond, eg glucose

Question 3

What is carbon fixation?

Answer 3

Where inorganic carbon, typically within carbon dioxide, is converted into organic compounds such as glucose. The main part of the light independent stage.

Question 4

C4 Plants

Answer 4

Plants that minimise photorespiration by separating initial carbon fixation and the remainder of the calvin cycle over SPACE.

Question 4

What is photorepiration?

Answer 4

A wasteful process in plants initiated by Rubisco that limits photosynthesis

Question 4

C3 Plants -

Answer 4

Plants with no evolved adaptation to minimise photo respiration

Question 5

Bundle sheath cell

Answer 5

A plant cell type that is the site of most of the calvin cyle in C4 plants

Question 6

Mesophyll cell

Answer 6

A plantcell type found in leaves that contain large amounts of chloroplasts

Question 7

Rubisco makes the organic compound

Answer 7

3-PGA

Question 7

The basic 3 steps of the Calvin cycle -

Answer 7

1. Carbon fixation
2. Reduction
3. Regeneration

Question 8

Rubisco stands for

Answer 8

Ribulose bisphospate. carboxylase/oxygenase, it can use either carbon or oxygen as the substrate

Question 9

CAM Plants -

Answer 9

Undergo the light-independent stage over space, and TIME

Question 9

Reduction

Answer 9

Now spinning with their friends, other 4 3-PGA molecules. They meet up with NADPH and ATP and theres a reaction to convert to 6 3GP, they leave one behind at the gluecose exit.

Question 10

C3 Carbon fixation

Answer 10

RuBP from the last cycle comes around, and a new CO2 binds to it. RuBisco comes and splits him in half, making two 3-PGA molecules (ALL 3 types do this, just C4 and CAM do an extra step of carbon fixation at teh start)

Question 11

Regeneration

Answer 11

The 5 G3P go around and go to ATP, and get ATP to convert them back into 3 RuBP, and then they start again.

Question 12

C4 Carbon Fixation

Answer 12

Taking in a CO2 from the atmosphere, PEP molecule and CO2 molecule go through the enzyme PEP-Carboxylase to turn into Malete (stores CO2) then it tavels to the bundle sheath cells and gives it its CO2 molecule. The Melete is unloaded and is now Pyruvate, ATP makes it PEP again, and then it can start again.

Question 13

CAM Carbon Fixation

Answer 13

Taking in a CO2 from the atmosphere, PEP molecule and CO2 molecule go through the enzyme PEP-Carboxylase to turn into Malete (stores CO2) then it tavels to the bundle sheath cells and gives it its CO2 molecule. The Melete is unloaded and is now Pyruvate, ATP makes it PEP again, and then it can start again. EXCEPT - Melete is stored in a vacuole and has controlled release to give the CO2.