What are the two types of condensation polymers ?
- Polyesters
- Polyamides
Define ‘Addition polymer’ ?
Addition polymer : A large number of unsaturated monomers chemically bonded/ joined together to form a long chain polymer and no other products
Define ‘condensation polymer’ ?
Condensation polymer : A large number of monomers chemically joined / bonded together to form a long-chain polymer and water / another small molecule
What are the monomers involved in the formation of polyesters ?
- Dicarboxylic acid/ Diocyl chloride + diol
- Hydroxy caboxylic acid / hydroxy acyl chloride
Write an equation for the formation of a polyester polymer ( using two monomers ) ?
Write an equation for the formation of a polyester polymer ( using one monomer ) ?
What are the monomers involved in the formation of polyamides ?
- Dicarboxylic acid or Diocyl chloride + Diamine
- Amino carboxylic acid / amino acyl chloride
Write an equation for the formation of a polyamide polymer ( using two monomers ) ?
Write an equation for the formation of a polyamide polymer ( using one monomers ) ?
What are the reactants and conditions s for the acid hydrolysis of polyesters/ polyamides ?
- Reactants : HCl and Hv2O / HCl (aq)
- Conditions : -
What are the reactants and conditions for the alkali hydrolysis of polyesters and polyamides ?
- Reactants : NaOH and Hv2O
- Conditions :
What are the products of the acid and alkali hydrolysis of a polyester ?
- Acid hydrolysis : Alcohol and Carboxylic acid
- Alkali hydrolysis : Alcohol and carboxylate salt/ion
What are the products of the acid and alkali hydrolysis of a polyamide ?
- Acid hydrolysis : Ammonium ion and Carboxylic acid
- Alkali hydrolysis : Amine and carboxylate salt / ion
Write an equation for the acid hydrolysis of a polyester ?
Write an equation for the alkali hydrolysis of a polyester ?
- Note : If you do not know alkali used then COO- is always applicable
Write an equation for the acid hydrolysis of a polyamide ?
- Note : If you do not know the acid used NHv3+ always applicable
Write an equation for the alkali hydrolysis of a polyamide ?
Why are polyester considered biodegradable ?
- It is a polyester
- It biodegradable as the ester bond can be hydrolysed using water
What are the uses of a polyester ?
- Perfumes/ Fragrance
- Flavouring
What are the uses of polyamides ?
- Fibres in clothing
- Ropes
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1.1 - Practical skills assessed in a written examination0
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1.2 - Practical skills assessed in the practical endorsement0
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2.1 - Atoms, compounds, molecules and equations35
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2.2 - Amount of substance26
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2.3 - Acid–base and redox reactions29
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2.4 - Electrons, bonding and structure42
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2.5 - Shapes of molecules and intermolecular forces47
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3.1 - The periodic table and periodicity71
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3.2 - Group 2 and the halogens52
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3.3 - Qualitative analysis22
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3.4 - Enthalpy changes32
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3.5 - Reaction rates and equilibrium (qualitative)38
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4.1 - Basic concepts44
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4.2 - Hydrocarbons37
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4.2 - Alkenes52
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4.3 - Alcohols and haloalkanes53
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4.4 - Organic synthesis12
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4.5 - Analytical techniques (IR and MS)17
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5.1 - Reaction rates and equilibrium (quantitative)71
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5.2 - pH and buffers60
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5.3 - Enthalpy, entropy and free energy48
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5.4 - Redox and electrode potentials57
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5.5 - Transition elements64
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6.1 - Aromatic compounds59
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6.2 - Carbonyl compounds29
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6.3 - Carboxylic acids and esters46
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6.4 - Nitrogen compounds49
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6.5 - Polymers20
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6.6 - Organic synthesis23
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6.7 - Chromatography and spectroscopy (NMR)13
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3.3 - Qualitative analysis COPY20
