What are the 4 stages of program development life cycle
- Analysis
- Design
- Coding
- Testing
What is analysis (program development life cycle)
involves considering the problem that needs to be solved computationally
What is abstraction?
- involves removing unnecessary detail to help identify the fundamental components of what the program is going to solve
- it must be clearly understood by everyone
What is a requirements document
A document that labels each requirement, gives it a description as well as success criteria
What is Design? (And the 3 examples)
- involves using techniques to come up with a blueprint for a solution
- Structure diagrams, Flowcharts, pseudocode
What is coding?
its when developers begin programming modules in a suitable programming language that works together to provide an overall solution
What is iterative testing?
When each module is tested and debugged thoroughly to ensure it interacts correctly with other modules and accepts data
What is testing
Running the program many times using varying sets of test data to ensure the program works as intended
What is a sub-system
a smaller part of a computer system that works together with other sub-systems to create fully functional computer systems
What is top-down design
the decomposition of a computer system into a set of sub-systems, and breaking it down into smaller sub-systems, until it performs just a single action
what are the 5 main sub-systems
1) CPU - executes instructions
2) Memory - stores data & instructions temporarily for the CPU
3) Storage - permanent storage data & software
4) Input devices - enter info
5) Output devices - displays information/create output
Advantages of sub-systems
- can help troubleshoot problems in a computer system
- isolate a sub-system (makes it easy to identify error)
- ensure that developing software operate efficiently
What is decomposition
Breaking down complex problems into smaller parts
4 main things developers think about when decomposing a problem
1) Inputs - data entered
2) Processes - subroutines & algorithms that turn input into output
3) Output - data display/printed for users
4) Storage - data that needs to be stored In files/appropriate medium
What is an algorithm
a precise set of rules and/or instructions to solve a specific problem or task
What is a variable
named data store that stores the value that may change during the execution of a program
What is a constant
value that doesn’t change throughout the program
Advantages of bubble sort
- easy to implement
- doesn’t use too much of the computer’s memory
- can be fast if the array is small
Disadvantages of bubble sort
- not suitable for large data sets
- can be very slow
What is validation
The process of examine input so that only reasonable data is accepted
What are the types of validation checks
- range check
- length check
- type check
- presence check
- format check
- check digit
What is range check
checks the data if it’s within a reasonable range (e.g. marks between 0-100)
What is length check
Checks if the data contains an exact/reasonable number of characters
What is type check
checking the data type
