7. Taxonomy

Question 1

sp

Answer 1

Species - singular

Question 2

spp

Answer 2

Species - plural

Question 3

Hierarchical System of Classification

Answer 3

Life
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 4

Metazoa

Answer 4

Kingdom of multicellular animals

- Animalia

Question 5

Protista

Answer 5

Kingdom of unicellular Eukaryotes

• Protozoa
• Protophyta
• Fungus-like slime molds
• Not monophyletic

Question 6

Protozoa

Answer 6

Animal-like unicellular eukaryotes

• Once considered to be a phylum
• No longer considered to be a monophlyetic clade
• Understood to be spread throughout the eukaryotic clades

Question 7

Protophyta

Answer 7

Plant-like unicellular eukaryotes

- Mostly algae

Question 8

Opisthokonta

Answer 8

• Amoebozoa (Ramicristates)
• Fungi / Nucleariid amebas
• Ichthyosporea
• Choanoflagellates
• Metazoa

Question 9

Polytomy

Answer 9

A node where more than two lineages descend from a single common ancestor. Because:

• We don’t know the relationship between the descendent lineages
• All the lineages speciated simultaneously

Question 10

Protostomia

Answer 10

• Lophotrochozoa

- Ecdysozoa

Question 11

Deuterosomia

Answer 11

• Chordata
• Echinodermata
• Hemichordata

Question 12

Protostomia vs Deuterostomia (Protostome)

Answer 12

1. Blastopore - mouth
2. Spiral Cleavage in most Lophotrochozoa / Radial or Superficial in ecdysozoa
3. Mosaic Development in lophotrochozoa
4. Coelom from schizocoely / Can be coelomate, acoelomate or psudocoelomate

Question 13

Protostomia vs Deuterosomia (Deuterostome)

Answer 13

1. Blastopore - anus
2. Radial cleavage in most
3. Regulative development
4. Enterocoely / All are coelomate