When did Brezhnev die?
1982
When did Andropov die?
February 1984
When did Chernenko die?
March 1985
When was Gorbachev appointed?
March 1985
What was the impact of the Cold War on the Soviet Union’s economy?
The Cold War was draining much of the USSR’s wealth that it could not continue to develop economically
The falling standard of living was creating unrest in the country
What radical plan of reform did Gorbachev introduce?
‘glasnost’ also known as ‘new thinking’
He did not intend to abandon the Communist Part or communism
What were the 3 main strategies of new thinking?
- Initiating sweeping reforms in the Communist Party and Soviet system - perestroika(restructuring) and glasnost (openness)
- Ending the arms race with the USA and signing various arms reduction agreements
- Abandoning the Brezhnev Doctrine and stopping Soviet interference in Eastern Satellite states
Other developments in the USSR under Gorbachev:
- Dissidents were released from jail
- Banned books were published
- Soviet people learned of Stalin’s atrocities
Why was glasnost a double-edged sword?
The more freedom people gained, the more they openly criticised Gorbachev and the Communist Party
What was uskoreniye?
Acceleration of economoic development
When was the summit meeting in Geneva?
November 1985
What was the Geneva(1986 Accord?)
- Speed up arms talks
- Work towards the abolition of chemical weapons
- Be more active on issues of human rights
What were the highlights of Geneva 1985?
- The 2 leader broke convention and met without advisers
- Reagan refused to give up the SDI ‘Star Wars’ program
- The 2 men had an amicable relationship
When was the Reykjavik summit meeting?
1986
Why did the Reykjavik summit collapse?
The talks had broken down over the fundamental differences between the superpowers on the SDI and the ABM treaty
What was the INF treaty and when was it?
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
December 1987
What happened at the the INF treaty?
Reagan was still insistent upon SDI
Gorbachev changed his mind and accepted he would sign
Why did Gorbachev change his mind?
- He was convinced that nuclear weapons would not guarantee Soviet Security and they were far too expensive
- Reagan convinved Gorbachev that the US did not intend to invade the USSR
- Gorbachev realised that the Soviet economy would never recover as long as it was spending so much money on nuclear weapons
- Believed the disarment would win him popularity in the West- so better trade deals with the West
What did the INF treaty do?
- Eliminated nuclear and conventional ground-lauched ballistic missiles with ranges of 500km to 5500km
- By 1991, 2692 of these weapons were destroyed
- Both countries were also allowed to inspect each other’s military installations
What treaties followed the INF treaty and when were they signed?
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE)
in 1989
Treaty for the Reduction and Limitation of Stategic Arms (START I)
signed in 1991
-
Nafay Tell Me Where I Should Start From2
-
Key Topic 1: Early tension between East and West16
-
Key Topic 2 Czech Crisis13
-
P2: The development of the Cold War, 1947-4915
-
P3: The Cold War intensifies, 1949-195817
-
Key Topic 2: The Berlin Crisis 196114
-
Key Topic 2: Cuban Missile Crisis17
-
7.120
-
7.1b20
-
7.220
-
8.114
-
8.27
-
8.39
-
8.43
-
9.112
-
9.27
-
9.316
-
Actual Key topic 3 dates:11
