7th - Chapter 8 Science Test

Question 1

What are the 8 facts of plants?

Answer 1

1. are eukaryotic
2. most are multicellular
3. have plastids (such as chloroplasts) - cellular organelle
4. have tissues that transport materials
5. cell walls made of cellulose (made of long chains of sugars)
6. most are producers - get their energy from photosynthesis
7. have a cuticle
8. have a multi-stage life cycle - consists of both a gamete producing stage and a spore producing stage.

Question 2

What is a cuticle?

Answer 2

a waxy coating that helps prevent water loss

Question 3

What are the 3 plant and fungi similarities?

Answer 3

1. have cell walls
2. are eukaryotic
3. both produce spores

Question 4

What are the 3 categories of Plants?

Answer 4

1. seedless nonvascular
2. Seedless vascular
3. Seed-bearing vascular plants

Question 5

What are Bryophytes?

Answer 5

1. another name for Nonvascular Plants
2. this category includes organisms that do not have true roots, leaves, and stems
3. Examples - hornworts, liverworts, and moss

Question 6

What are Rhizoids?

Answer 6

• Root-like
• anchors the plant to the ground also absorbs water and minerals. Mosses and hornworts are attached to the ground with these.

Question 7

What are Sporophyte?

Answer 7

part of the bryophyte that produces spores and is not always present.

Question 8

What are Vascular Plants?

Answer 8

Examples - club mosses, horsetails, ferns

Question 9

What are the 4 types of Ferns?

Answer 9

1. Fronds
2. Fiddleheads
3. Rhizomes
4. Sori

Question 10

What are Fronds?

Answer 10

fern leaves

Question 11

What are Fiddleheads?

Answer 11

young fern leaves that resemble violin scrolls

Question 12

What are Rhizomes?

Answer 12

underground stems that produce roots and leaves

Question 13

What are Sori?

Answer 13

structures that produce ferns’ spores

Question 14

What are Horsetails?

Answer 14

Vascular plant that has been used as an abrasive because of the silica in their cell walls

Question 15

What are Seeds and Spores?

Answer 15

both are produced by seed plants

Question 16

What are the 2 main groups of Seed Plants?

Answer 16

1. Angiosperms
2. Gymnosperms

Question 17

What are Angiosperms?

Answer 17

another name for flowering plants and fruit plants
Examples - Apple tree

Question 18

What are Gymnosperms?

Answer 18

Examples - pine trees, spruces and cycads

Question 19

What is Foxglove’s (flower)?

Answer 19

A poison that is used to make Digoxin (a drug used to treat heart issues)

Question 20

What are leaves?

Answer 20

part of the plant that absorbs energy from the sun

Question 21

What are the 2 types of Roots?

Answer 21

1. Taproot
2. Fibrous roots

Question 22

What is Taproot?

Answer 22

has a few main roots that are thicker and longer than the other roots of the plant.

Question 23

What is Fibrous roots?

Answer 23

have clusters of roots that are all about equal in size
Ex. grasses

Question 24

What are the 4 parts of a stem?

Answer 24

1. Node
2. Herbaceous
3. Monocots
4. Dicots

Question 25

What is a Node?

Answer 25

region on a stem where new leaves or branches are produced

Question 26

What is Herbaceous?

Answer 26

softer and more flexible type of the stem Ex. stalks on dandelion flower

Question 27

What is Monocots?

Answer 27

plants whose vascular bundles are evenly distributed throughout their stems

Question 28

What is Dicots?

Answer 28

the vascular bundles are found in a ring around the outer portion of the stem

Question 29

What are the 8 parts of Leaves?

Answer 29

1. Xylem 2. Phloem 3. Palisade Layer 4. Cuticle 5. Veins 6. Spongy Layer 7. Stomata 8. Chloroplasts

Question 30

What is Xylem?

Answer 30

is a vascular tissue that moves water and nutrients into the leaf (forms wood in a tree trunk)

Question 31

What is Phloem?

Answer 31

vascular tissue that moves finished sugars out of the leaf

Question 32

What is Palisade Layer?

Answer 32

- makes most of the plants food. - the cytoplasm in palisade layer cells circulates chloroplasts so that each gets plenty of light. This is where the most photosynthesis takes place

Question 33

What is Cuticle?

Answer 33

covers the outer surface (waxy coating) of the leaf and prevents water loss

Question 34

What is Veins?

Answer 34

vascular tissue of the leaf, a type of vascular bundle

Question 35

What is Spongy Layer?

Answer 35

cells in this layer are packaged loosley

Question 36

What is Stomata?

Answer 36

openings in the under side of the leaf that allow gases to move in and out of the leaf

Question 37

What is Chloroplasts?

Answer 37

where photosynthesis takes place

Question 38

What are the 4 types of Bark?

Answer 38

1. Annual Rings 2. Cork 3. Cork Cambium 4. Tree Bark

Question 39

What is Annual Rings?

Answer 39

form because xylem grows differently at different times of the year

Question 40

What is Cork?

Answer 40

outer most layer of the bark, made of dead cells with thick cell walls

Question 41

What is Cork Cambium?

Answer 41

a layer of living cells just under the dead cork, constantly divides by mitosis, producing new cork cells

Question 42

What is Tree Bark?

Answer 42

contains several types of cells, including cork and a ring of phloem

Question 43

What is Plant Support?

Answer 43

cell walls (made of cellulose) and turgor pressure (caused by the presence of water inside a plant's central vacuoles - if a plant loses too much water through evaporation it may wilt due to loss of turgor pressure)

Question 44

What is Fiber?

Answer 44

a long, narrow, thick-walled cell that supports vascular bundles in some plants.

Question 45

Be able to label the leaf structure on page 168