8

Question 1

written document covering a specific period of time , that contains the organization/ agency’s
vision, mission, goals, program thrusts, projects, approaches and strategies, policies and rules, structures,
linkages, manpower and funding requirements

Answer 1

PLAN

Question 2

a plan is made operational by breaking it into programs or popularly called program thrusts
of an agency, organization, or local government units.

Answer 2

Program

Question 3

As defined by ____, a program is composed of a cluster of projects to be undertaken which when
combined together will accomplish a broader predefined goal

Answer 3

Ruiz 1998

Question 4

According to Mercado ____, a program
is a package of interrelated projects to meet certain socio-economic goals. He also mentioned that
programmes and projects are solutions to specific problems and needs.

Answer 4

Mercado (1997)

Question 5

It is very specific, short-range, with clear, concrete and measurable performance
indicators.

Answer 5

Project

Question 6

______ are influenced by political leaders vision and mission

Answer 6

Programs/ projects

Question 7

_____ is defined as a process that starts
from situation analysis up to the appraisal of program accomplishment.

Answer 7

Program Development

Question 8

Defined as an activity of carefully and critically examining in
detail the conditions, nature/trends and quality of an area.

Answer 8

situation Analysis

Question 9

Good and effective planners posses commitment, honesty, trust, credibility,
innovativeness, community interests, service, transparency and concern for total
human development of their constituents or target clientele

Answer 9

Organization for Planning

Question 10

____ is basically a decision-making process. It is deciding in advance what to do,
when to do it, how to do it, who will do it, and how much is needed

Answer 10

Planning

Question 11

The output or product of planning is an agency/
organizational or a community development plan. The plan must be written for
approval by legal bodies for funding and submission to higher authorities. There are
specific formats of a development plan.

Answer 11

Planned program

Question 12

The development plan composed of several programs and projects
when written is very general. In order to make it operational and ready for
implementation.

Answer 12

Plan of work

Question 13

This is the stage of putting plans into actions or reality.
Sometimes planners are not implementers and therefore implementers must know
and prepare the following Expected target output Requirements/resources needed
Technical aspects Financial requirements Date of completion Alternative actions and
sensitivity to situations

Answer 13

Execution of Work Plan

Question 14

This is basic in all plans, programs and projects.
Plans appear to be implemented and evaluated when the project is going on and at
project completion.

Answer 14

Appraisal of Accomplishment

Question 15

____ is a serious and systematic process of problem analysis, formulating
objectives, identifying programs/ projects/activities. Choosing strategies, and
estimating budget requirements.

Answer 15

Planning

Question 16

Plans ____errors/ failures in implementations

Answer 16

minimizes

Question 17

Programs and projects in extension and
rural development are based on existing problems and needs affecting a great number of
people.

Answer 17

Problem and need-based programs

Question 18

are the resources need in the project available

Answer 18

Resources availability

Question 19

6 TECHNOLOGY AVAILABILITY

Answer 19

• Global competitiveness
• Economic viability
• Socially acceptability
• Technical soundness
• Environment friendly
• Political support

Question 20

Programs/ projects require initial
investments as well as operating expenses. The funds needed are primary considerations
in selecting the project. This is the reason why some communities implement small and
not so relevant projects due to inadequate funds.

Answer 20

FUNDING REQUIREMENTS AND SOURCES

Question 21

There are various ways of
solving problems, what are needed are the desire, commitment and determination to
solve the problems.

Answer 21

COMMITTED, INNOVATIVE AND AGGRESSIVE PLANNERS

Question 22

There are various ways of
solving problems, what are needed are the desire, commitment and determination to
solve the problems.

Answer 22

COMMITTED, INNOVATIVE AND AGGRESSIVE PLANNERS

Question 23

Programs can be implemented best if there is a
partnership between and among stakeholders like government leaders, private sectors,
researchers, input suppliers, buyers and producers. Mutual and sincere linkages must be
established in a business-like manner

Answer 23

Linkages and Parnership

Question 24

Program planning requires cooperation from
various sectors and strong coordination in order to avoid duplication of efforts/ projects
and attain efficiency in the use of scarce resources

Answer 24

COORDINATION AND COOPERATION

Question 25

All programs must contribute to the development of people first and foremost. This is the primary and ultimate consideration.

Answer 25

PEOPLE FIRST

Question 26

Projects must be sustained, this means continuity and viability of projects for a long time and with minimum destruction on the environment

Answer 26

PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY

Question 27

PROGRAMS / PROJECTS MUST NOT ONLY BE SMART BUT SMARTEST S M A R T E S T

Answer 27

S-pecific M-easurable A-chievable R-ealistic T-ime Bound E-ncouraging S-atisfying T-ransforming

Question 28

A group of people developing a plan is addressing a specific area and people. The planners in many cases know the people who will benefit from the program as well as the people who will implement the program and who will finance the program. As plan is directed for a group of people whether it is economic, social, cultural, political and environmental program/ projects

Answer 28

IDENTIFYING TARGET AREA AND PEOPLE

Question 29

After identifying the people and target area; the planners have to look at the resources of the community. These resources can be categorized as human, physical/ natural and situational resources.

Answer 29

RESOURCE ASSESSMENT

Question 30

The planners must believe that programs in extension are developed to find solutions to recognize problems. The program is the answer to the need or desired situation/ condition that the people and the community as a whole would like to achieve. The planners can use different methods of analysis to identify the core problems, its causes and effects. But the question is “ how to prioritize problems ? “

Answer 30

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATIONS AND PRIORITIZATION

Question 31

Based on the problems identified, analyzed and prioritized, the planners are now ready to formulate general and specific statements of objectives. Once the core problem is identified, the general objective can already be made

Answer 31

OBJECTIVE FORMULATION

Question 32

Actions to arrest the identified problems can be in the form of programs, projects, activities-policies barangay/municipality/ city ordinances. Program planners need to decide whether it is a program, a project or an activity

Answer 32

ACTION TO BE UNDERTAKEN

Question 33

Strategies refer to the primary step by step activities that should be done to implement the project. Specific work plan will be prepared to put the activities in action. The approaches to be used will be planned, monitored and evaluated and may vary from project to project depending on the people to be involved.

Answer 33

STRATEGIES IN IMPLEMENTATIONS

Question 34

The plan should specify the total cost of the project

Answer 34

ESTIMATING THE BUDGET NEEDED

Question 35

This is the common practice in many organizations and local government units where the top-level executives/ elected local government officials and appointed officials develop general plans for the organization/ agencies, municipalities and cities. These top executives or local officials prepare the overall visions, missions, goals, objectives and activities of the organization. They assume the major responsibility of planning the future of the organization, city/ municipality.

Answer 35

TOP-LEVEL PLANNING

Question 36

This is the evolving planning strategy wherein the low-level officials of the rural people, the members of the community participate in project / organization planning or development planning, that is from situation analysis, problem and needs identification, program planning, program approval, fund sourcing, implementation, monitoring and documentation. And evaluation. This level of planning is highly democratic, people-oriented, community based and described as highly participatory.

Answer 36

GRASSROOTS OR MASS-BASED PLANNING

Question 37

This is a planning approach wherein top level officials , middle level and representatives of the community/ workers/members of the organization of the community come together to develop the plans of the organization/ community. This is another level of the participatory approach in planning that minimizes conflicts, misunderstanding and divisiveness in the community or organizations. It tries to foster unity in diversity of ideas, respect of human rights, justice and equality prevail among planners.

Answer 37

JOINT PLANNING

Question 38

The _________ is a participatory approach involving elected leader like city/municipal councilor as chair and members come from different come from the different agencies, non-government organizations, private sector and selected prominent citizen who can productively contribute to the tasks of the committee Team planning integrates the best and acceptable ideas from different sectors. It tries to put together plans, from the different sectors.

Answer 38

TEAM/ COMMITTEE PLANNING

Question 39

It becomes a ____ their brilliant ideas thereby generating a feeling of “oneness” and being part of the whole system Team planning provides an opportunity for members with recognized talents and hidden ideas to be involved in planning. Leadership can slowly be developed among the members of the team

Answer 39

forum to communicate

Question 40

Most ___ are currently confronted with problems of various kinds and for them to achieve a better or desired situation the problems should be minimized or totally eradicated. Problems are part of community life. They are challenges to local leaders and serve as motivations to work harder

Answer 40

rural communities

Question 41

WHO WILL CONDUCT PROBLEM ANALYSIS?

Answer 41

Planning problem analysis can be done by top level officials, low level officials, the people at the grassroots level, combination of top and low level officials, and team/ committee planners

Question 42

The participants in the problem analysis usually meet in a place that is convenient to everybody. The number of people participating may range from 15-25 individuals. It must not be so large in order to give everybody the chance to participate and express their views. The focus of micro analysis is one specific core problem in the community.

Answer 42

MICRO-WEB ANALYSIS

Question 43

The _____ is almost the same with the micro-analysis. The difference lies in the problem exploration done by the team. There is a free-flowing discussion of all the problems in the community. In the same manner, the facilitator will ask the causes of each of the problems presented. This type of analysis, though very exhaustive, may not focus on a core problem but on so many core problems. This may cause confusion on the part of the group as to what problem should be given priority. The group community planners can pick up the problems which can be given attention and later conduct an in-depth micro-analysis of the problemsidentified

Answer 43

MACRO ANALYSIS

Question 44

The method of facilitation is the same, only the presentation may differ. The tree is composed of roots, trunk and crown. These parts will be used in analyzing the problem. The core problem will be identified first, to be written in the center inside the box. The facilitator will ask the participants on what causes the core problems.

Answer 44

PROBLEM TREE ANALYSIS