8.1 Cell replication

Question 1

What is the purpose of cell replication in multicellular organisms?

Answer 1

• Restoring the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio
• Growth and development
• Maintenance and repair

Question 2

What is the purpose of cell replication in unicellular organisms?

Answer 2

To reproduce

Question 3

How do prokaryotes (bacteria) replicate?

Answer 3

Through an exponential process known as binary fission.

Question 4

Explain the process of binary fission:

Answer 4

1. DNA is copied to create 2, circular molecules
2. The cell grows until it has doubled in size
3. The 2 DNA molecules are pulled to opposite sides of the cell
4. A new cell wall and membrane are made in the middle, dividing the cells into 2 equal halves (daughter cells

Question 5

What is exponential division?

Answer 5

When the total number of cells doubles every time the cell replicates.
e.g 2, 4, 8, 16

Question 6

How do eukaryotes replicate?

Answer 6

They exponentially replicate by mitosis followed by cytokinesis.

Question 7

What is mitosis?

Answer 7

• The process of cell division in eukaryotes where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
• The division of a cell’s nucleus

Question 8

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 8

The division of the cell itself (the cytoplasm and membrane) after mitosis.

Question 9

What are eukaryotes?

Answer 9

• Protists
• Fungi
• Plants
• Animals

Question 10

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 10

Bacteria

Question 11

Out of eukaryotes and prokaryotes, which don’t contain nucleus’?

Answer 11

Prokaryotes