8.15 Bones 2

Question 1

fx healing

time frame: inflammation

Answer 1

hours

Question 2

What happens during inflammation?

Answer 2

• hematoma

- fibrin/collagen laid down

Question 3

fx healing

2-3 days

Answer 3

• formation of procallus

- osteoclasts/osteoblasts infiltrate

Question 4

When does the true callous form?

Answer 4

1-2 weeks

Question 5

fx healing: 6-8 weeks

Answer 5

standard time for immobilization

Question 6

How long does remodeling continue to happen following a fx?

Answer 6

3-4 years

Question 7

bone strength post-fx

Answer 7

In a normal, healthy individual, strength will return to what it was before the fx

Question 8

Causes for improper healing

Answer 8

• diet
• vitamins
• smoking
• infection
• blood supply
• diabetes
• menopause
• WB status
• steroids

Question 9

improper healing: vitamins

Answer 9

• calcium
• magnesium
• vitamin D

need to be in the right balances

Question 10

When does peak bone density occur?

Answer 10

25-30 y.o.

Question 11

When is the greatest bone density loss for women?

Answer 11

first 5 years after menopause

Question 12

WORST at risk person for OP

Answer 12

• female
• fair skinned
• small stature
• smokes
• alcoholic
• poor diet
• steroids
• immobile/sedentary lifestyle
• post-menopausal
• shorter fertile period

Question 13

post-menopausal and hysterectomy

Answer 13

only counts if it’s a full hysterectomy (ovaries removed)

Question 14

Dexa scan is based on

Answer 14

t-scores

Question 15

Dexa scan is based on

Answer 15

t-scores (standard deviations)

Question 16

dexa scan values: normal

Answer 16

(-0.99, 0)

Question 17

dexa scan values: osteopenia

Answer 17

(-2.49, -1)

Question 18

dexa scan values: osteoporosis

Answer 18

Less than -2.5

Question 19

bracing in a compression fx

Answer 19

• strapping holds everything a little tighter, compression feels better
• doesn’t prevent a ton of movement

Question 20

compression fx: bed mobility

Answer 20

usually use log roll

Question 21

compression fx: bed mobility

Answer 21

usually use log roll

Question 22

What are some outpatient things to consider for people with compression fx?

Answer 22

• posture
• fall recovery
• cardiovascular
• strengthening
• bed mobility
• balance
• ADLs
• body mechanics
• aquatic therapy

Question 23

outpatient ortho: postural considerations for OP and compression fx

Answer 23

• not going to change the kyphotic curve

- Think about where the majority of their body weight is

Question 24

outpatient considerations for OP/compression fx: assistive devices

Answer 24

• correct height and closeness of walker

- shouldn’t have a rollator

Question 25

Who needs to have fall recovery?

Answer 25

- total hip - total knee - hip fx

Question 26

core strengthening for OP/compression fx

Answer 26

- engage core in neutral spine | - bird dog

Question 27

How should you structure balance exercises?

Answer 27

should always be on the edge of a near fall | - for balance and dressing

Question 28

Benefits to using aquatic therapy for an OP/compression fx

Answer 28

- strengthening in all planes - compression of the water feels better - helps with balance - helps with pain, fear, confidence, etc.

Question 29

function: bone

Answer 29

structure

Question 30

function: ligaments

Answer 30

- stability - reinforce capsule - limit/guide movement

Question 31

function: synovium/capsule

Answer 31

- fluid (lubrication) - nutrition - stability

Question 32

function: cartilage

Answer 32

- shock absorption | - joint congruency

Question 33

function: muscle

Answer 33

- movement - stability - reflexes (protection)