*8B SRM - ADM

Question 0

1. Define the term “aeronautical decision making.”

FAA-H-8083-9

Answer 0

Aeronautical decision making (ADM) is a systematic approach to the mental process used by aircraft pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances.

Question 1

2. Explain the basic steps in the decision making process.

FAA-H-8083-9

Answer 1

a. Define the problem.
b. Choose a course of action.
c. Implement the decision.
d. Evaluate the outcome.

Question 2

3. What two models are commonly used when practicing aeronautical decision making?
   (FAA-H-8083-9)

Answer 2

The DECIDE model and the 3P model.

Question 3

4. The DECIDE model of decision making involves which elements?
   (FAA-H-8083-9)

Answer 3

D etect a change needing attention.
E stimate the need to counter or react to a change.
C hoose the most desirable outcome for the flight.
I dentify actions to successfully control the change.
D o something to adapt to the change.
E valuate the effect of the action countering the change.

Question 4

5. Describe the 3P model used in ADM.

FAA-H-8083-2

Answer 4

The Perceive, Process, Perform model for ADM offers a simple, practical, and systematic approach that can be used during all phases of flight. To use it, the pilot will:
Perceive—the given set of circumstances for a flight; think through circumstances related to the: Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures (PAVE). The fundamental question to ask is, “What could hurt me, my passengers, or my aircraft?”
Process—by evaluating their impact on flight safety. Think through the Consequences of each hazard, Alternatives available, Reality of the situation, and External pressures (CARE) that might influence your analysis.
Perform—by implementing the best course of action. Determine the best course of action. Your goal is to mitigate or eliminate the adverse impact, and then evaluate to ensure that your course of action is having the desired effect.

Question 5

6. How is the 3P model different from the DECIDE model of ADM?
   (FAA-H-8083-2)

Answer 5

The 3P process is a continuous loop of the pilot’s handling of hazards. The DECIDE model and naturalistic decision making focus on particular problems requiring resolution. Therefore, pilots exercise the 3P process continuously, while the DECIDE model and naturalistic decision making result from the 3P process.

Question 6

7. How will you use the 3P model to recognize and mitigate risks throughout a flight?
   (FAA-H-8083-9)

Answer 6

Once a pilot has completed the 3P decision process and selected a course of action, the process begins again because the circumstances brought about by the course of action require analysis. The decision-making process is a continuous loop of perceiving, processing and performing.

Question 7

8. Name five hazardous attitudes that can affect a pilot’s ability to make sound decisions and properly exercise authority.
   (FAA-H-8083-9)

Answer 7

Attitude/Antidote:
Anti-authority
     Follow the rules—they are usually right.
Impulsivity
     Think first—not so fast.
Invulnerability
     It could happen to me.
Macho
     Taking chances is foolish.
Resignation
     I can make a difference, I am not helpless.