Cataracts, glaucoma, heart defects, hearing loss, tooth abnormalities
Rubella virus
Microcephaly, visual impairment, intellectual disability, fetal death
Cytomegalovirus
Microphthalmia,microcephaly, retinal dyplasia
Herpes simplex virus
Skin scarring, limb hypoplasia, intellectual disability, muscle atrophy
Varicella virus
Hydrocephalus, cerebral calcifications, microphthalmias
Taxoplasmosis
Intellectual disability, heating loss
Syphylis
Microcephaly, spina bifida, cleft palate, limb defects
X-rays
Anencephaly, spina bifida, intellectual disability
Hyperthermia
Limb defects, heart malformations
Thalidomide
Anencephaly, hydrocephaly, cleft lip and palate
Aminopterin