9) Pediatrics

Question 1

Croup

• etiology
• x-ray
• Tx

Answer 1

• parainfluenza
• steeple sign (subglottic bottleneck causes bark-like sound)
• Racemic epi if severe, Decadron aka dexamethasone

Question 2

Bronchiolititis

• etiology
• x-ray
• Tx

Answer 2

• RSV
• air trapping and inflammation w/ hyperinflation and peribronchial cuffing
• trial of nebulizer B agonists, nebulizer epi
• *corticosteroids are not effective
• ribivirin if severe

Question 3

Age of child w/ fever that you must do UA on

Answer 3

all boys under age 6mo and girls under 2yr

Question 4

SIDS most common age & tx

Answer 4

between 2 and 4mo of age (>90% occur before 6 mo)

-Prevention!: good prenatal care, smoking abstinence, refraining from elicit drug use (all proven effective)

Question 5

best test for pyloric stenosis

Answer 5

US
=string sign
(treatment is surgery)

Question 6

Intusseception on plain films

Answer 6

evidence of bowel obstruction w/ dilated loops of small bowel and air-fluid levels or paucity of gas in the right lower quadrant (= indicative of a mass lesion)

Question 7

Most common pathogens in OM

Answer 7

s. pneumo
non-typable h. influ
moraxella catarrhalis

Question 8

Tx of OM

Answer 8

High dose amoxicillin 90mg/kg/day