What is Existential Security Theory?
Religion is strong in insecure societies but declines in safe, wealthy ones
This theory is supported by the work of Norris & Inglehart.
What does Fundamentalism refer to in the context of religion?
The rise of strict religious movements (e.g. Taliban, New Christian Right) shows religion still influences society
Fundamentalism indicates a reaction to modernity and secularization.
Define Cultural defence.
Religion helps people unite when their identity is threatened
This concept highlights the role of religion in maintaining group cohesion.
What is meant by Cultural transition?
Migrants use religion to adapt to new cultures
Religion can serve as a bridge for cultural integration.
What is Vicarious religion?
Even non-attenders value religion and expect the church to perform key social roles
This concept, introduced by Davie, emphasizes the societal role of religion beyond active participation.
