Irony
Words to imply the opposite of their actual meaning
Metaphor
Non literal comparisons
Oxymoron
Contradictory terms
Simile
Comparisons through the use of words
Personification
Giving non human things human like features
Denotation
Literal meaning
Connotations
Cultural meaning
Euphemisms
Use of avoidance language on taboo topics
Dysphemism
Using more harsher terms