AC14: Polymers

Question 1

What are the 2 main condensation polymers called

Answer 1

• Polyesters
• Polyamides

Question 2

What is condensation polymerisation

Answer 2

The joining of monomers with loss of a small molecule, usually water or HCl

Question 3

In condensation polymerisation, 2 different ______ are needed

Answer 3

Functional groups

Question 4

In polyesters, how are monomers joined together

Answer 4

By ester linkages

Question 5

If polyesters are formed from one monomer, what must the monomer contain

Answer 5

A carboxylic acid and an alcohol group

Question 6

If a polyester is made from 2 monomers, what must the monomers contain

Answer 6

• Once containing 2 carboxylic acid groups
• One containing 2 alcohol groups

Question 7

What is the name of the molecule that contains 2 carboxylic acid groups

Answer 7

A dicarboxylic acid

Question 8

What is the name of the molecule that contains 2 alcohol groups

Answer 8

A diol

Question 9

In polyamides, how are the monomers joined

Answer 9

By amide linkages

Question 10

If a polyamide is made from one monomer, what must the monomer contain

Answer 10

• A carboxylic acid
• An amine group

Question 11

If a polyamide is made from 2 monomers, what must each monomer contain

Answer 11

• One containing 2 carboxylic acid groups
• One containing 2 amine groups

Question 12

What is an example of a monomer that has both an amine group and a carboxylic acid group

Answer 12

Amino acid

Question 13

What is the name of the molecule that has 2 amine groups

Answer 13

Diamine

Question 14

When hydrolysing polyesters or polyamides, what is used

Answer 14

• Hot aqueous alkali e.g. NaOH
  OR
• Hot aqueous acid e.g. HCl

Question 15

In addition polymerisation, what must the monomers contain

Answer 15

A C=C double bond

Question 16

What are the monomers of addition polymers

Answer 16

Alkenes

Question 17

In the acidic hydrolysis of a polyamide, what does the reaction break the polyamide into

Answer 17

• A dicarboxylic acid
• Ammonium ions

Question 18

During the alkaline hydrolysis of polyamides, what is the polymer broken into

Answer 18

• Dicarboxylic acid salt
• Diamines

Question 19

During the acidic hydrolysis of polyesters, what are the products

Answer 19

• Diol
• Dicarboxylic acid

Question 20

In the alkaline hydrolysis of a polyester, what are the products

Answer 20

• Diol
• Dicarboxylic acid salt

Question 21

What is the fastest way to hydrolyse a polyester, acid or alkali

Answer 21

Alkali

Question 22

What does zwitterion mean

Answer 22

A compound that has both positive and negative charges