1
Q
What is the aetiology of achalasia?
A
- Myenteric plexus often surrounded by lymphocytes
- Inflammatory aetiology
2
Q
What is the pathology?
A
Degeneration of inhibitory neurones in the myenteric plexus leading to failure of the lower oesophageal sphincter (inability to relax) and progressive dysphagia
3
Q
What are the symptoms of achalasia?
A
Cardinal feature = progressive dysphagia
- Weight loss
- Chest pain
- Regurgitation
4
Q
Tests for achalasia?
A
- Oesophageal manometry
- Barium swallow
- Endoscopy
5
Q
Surgical treatment?
A
- Myotomy
- Pneumatic balloon dilatation
6
Q
Pharma management?
A
- Botulinum toxin
- Nitrates
- CCBs
7
Q
Complications of achalasia?
A
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Increased risk of oesophageal cancer
Conditions: GI
flashcards
Decks in class (36)
# Cards
-
Acute Appendicitis12
-
a1-antitrypsin deficiency7
-
Achalasia7
-
Acute Cholecystitis8
-
Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia12
-
Acute Pancreatitis12
-
Alcoholic Hepatitis5
-
Alcoholic Liver Disease8
-
Autoimmune Hepatitis9
-
Barrett's Oesophagus8
-
Cholangiocarcinoma7
-
Chronic Cholecystitis4
-
Chronic Colonic Ischaemia7
-
Chronic Pancreatitis14
-
Coeliac Disease10
-
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma28
-
Crohn's Disease23
-
Diverticular Disease6
-
Diverticular Haemorrhage and Perforation6
-
Diverticulitis10
-
Gallstones8
-
Gastric Cancer13
-
Gastritis11
-
GORD16
-
Hepatic Encephalopathy6
-
Hepatocellular Cancer11
-
Irritable Bowel Syndrome13
-
Jaundice16
-
Liver Cancer10
-
Oesophageal Cancer14
-
Pancreatic Cancer11
-
Peptic Ulcer13
-
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis9
-
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis10
-
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis4
-
Ulcerative Colitis22
