what are acids?
proton donors
they donate H+ ions when dissolved in water.
when acid dissolve in water they form hydronium ions (H3O+), indicating the acidic nature of the solution.
what are examples of common acids?
hydrochloric acid = (HCl)
sulfuric acid = (H2SO4)
Nitric acid =(HNO3)
Ethanoic acid =(CH3COOH)
what about acid strength?
strength depends on the acids ability to dissociate in water. the dissociation process can be reversible
what is the dissociation equation?
HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-
what is a weak acid?
example = ethanoic acid
they partially dissociates in aqueous solutions.
they only release a small proportion of its available hydrogen atoms into the solution
most organic acids are weak acids.
what is a strong acid?
example = HCl, fully dissociates in aqueous solutions. it releases all of its hydrogen atoms as H+ ions.
