Acids and Bases

Question 1

• sour
• <7
• red
• CO2 gas: effervescence [on carbonates/bicarbonates]
• H2 gas: corrode metals [on metals]

Answer 1

acids

Question 2

• bitter
• > 7
• blue
  [blank on carbonates/bicarbonates and metals]

on fats:
- NaOH: hard soap
- KOH: soft soap

Answer 2

bases

Question 3

ARRHENIUS

acids & bases

Answer 3

A = H2O –> H+ (H3O+)

B = H2O –> OH-

Question 4

BRONSTED-LOWRY

Answer 4

A = p+ donor

B = p+ acceptor

Question 5

LEWIS

Answer 5

A = e- acceptor

B = e- donor

Question 6

• corrosive
• coagulative necrosis

Answer 6

strong acids

Question 7

strong acids

Answer 7

• hydroCHLORIC acid
• hydroBROMIC acid
• NITRIC acid
• hydroIODIC acid
• PERCHLORIC acid
• SULFURIC acid

H-CBNIPS

Question 8

• caustic
• liquefaction necrosis

Answer 8

strong bases

Question 9

strong bases

Answer 9

GROUPS 1A AND 2A HYDROXIDES
- NaOH
- LiOH
- CsOH

except for: H2O and Be(OH)2

Question 10

• weak acid + conjugate base
• can withstand pH changes when added with strong acid and bases
• used to keep pH in a constant value
• enzyme activity

Answer 10

buffer

Question 11

• efficiency of a buffer in maintaining constant pH

Answer 11

buffer capacity

Question 12

• solution that can resist changes in pH when added with an acid or base

Answer 12

buffer system

Question 13

measurement of pH

Answer 13

1. pH paper
2. litmus paper

Question 14

Use of ______________

• treated with special chemical indicator
  > _________
• acid: _____
• basic: _____
• pure water: _____

Answer 14

Use of pH paper

• treated with special chemical indicator
  > flavin
• acid: red
• basic: greenish
• pure water: purple

Question 15

Use of ______________

• extracted from _______
• acid: _____ → _____
• basic: _____ → _____

Answer 15

• extracted from lichens
• acid: blue → red
• basic: red → blue