Acne Vulgaris is disorder of __ unit
Pilosebaceous
There is 1 and 2 of keratinocytes leading to plugging of 3; There is also excess 4 due to 5 stimulation; The bacteria involved is 6, a gram 7. There is also 8
- hyperproliferation
- abnormal differentiation
- follicular infundibulum
- sebum production
- androgen
- propionibacterium acnes
- Gram + rod (breaks down sebum and inflammatory mediators)
- inflammation
Open comedones are 1 and closed comedones are 2
- white heads
2. black heads
Acne Vulgaris can be 1, 2, 3
- comedonal: open/closed
- inflammatory: papules/pustules
- nodulocystic: nodules/cysts
Acne ___ has systemic manifestations including fever, arthragias, __, and __
- Fulminas
- osteolytic bone lesions
- hepatosplenomegaly
Comedonal acne can be treated with ___
topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic/salicylic acids (mild to moderate)
Benzoyl peroxide is more effective when combined with ___ than either used alone (dec___)
antibiotic; dec antibiotic resistance
Moderate to sever inflammatory acne w/without comedone lesions can be treated with __
topical benzoyl peroxide and oral antibiotics (rather than just topical agents alone)
Severe Acne Vulgaris is treated with ___ derivative
Vit A (retinoid, Isotretinoin, highly teratogenic)
Hormonal agents used in moderate to severe acne vulgaris are __
oral contraceptives and sipronolactone
Risk factors for Rosacea?
- fair skinned, actinic damage, genetic, flushing propensity
4 clinical subtypes of Rosacea? Which types are primarily localized on central face?
- Erythematotelangiectatic
- Papulopustular
- Phymatous
- Ocular rosacea
Erythematotelangictatis and papulopustular
Phymatous rosacea exhibit 1 mostly involving 2
- tissue hypertrophy, irregular contours and thickened skin
2. nose (rhinophyma), chin, forehead, cheeks
Ocular rosacea clinicall manifest itself as 1 and 2
- conjunctival hyperemia
- anterior blepharitis, keratitis, lid margin telangiectases, abnormal tearing, cicatricial conjunctivits, hordeolum
dry eye, stinging, burning, pruitus, photosensitivity, blurry vision
Treatment of erythematotelangictatic rosacea is ___
- educated on avoidance of triggers, sun protection, gentle skin care
Inflammatory/paupulopustular subtype of rosacea can be aided by __ in mild cases, and __ in severe cases, and __ in refractory papulopusturlar rosacea
metronidazole/azelaic acid;
oral tetracycline
oral isotretinoin
