ACT 13 - ESTER

Question 1

a carboxylic acid derivative in which the —OH portion of the carboxyl group has been replaced with an —OR group

preparation of ester:

RCOOH + alcohol <—> ester + water

Answer 1

ESTER

Question 2

cyclic esters

Answer 2

lactones

Question 3

• _________ molecules and have considerably _____ boiling points than their isomeric carboxylic acids counterparts.
• The solubility will ______ with increasing carbon chain link – at ___ atoms, water solubility starts to decline.
• Phase conversion is observed with increasing carbon chain link - low molecular weight esters are liquid at room temperature.
• Scents are generally pleasant.

Answer 3

• Polar; lower
• decrease
  (+) #C
  (-) solubility
• 5C; decline

-

Question 4

• pain reliever
• Absorbed through the skin and hydrolyzed to produce salicylic acid (actual pain reliever)

*Aspirin: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) – analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and
antiplatelet activities

Answer 4

OIL OF WINTERGREEN

Question 5

• SALICYLIC ACID + ACETIC ACID —> _________
• SALICYLIC ACID + METHANOL —> _________

Answer 5

• ASPIRIN
• OIL OF WINTERGREEN

Question 6

_________: requires the presence of a strong-acid catalyst or enzymes.

• the reverse of esterification, the formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Answer 6

Ester hydrolysis

Question 7

_____________: hydrolysis of an organic compound, under basic conditions, in which a ___________ is one of the products formed.

Answer 7

• Saponification reaction
• carboxylic acid salt

Question 8

_______: condensation polymer in which the monomers are joined through ester linkages.

___________: a polymer formed by reacting difunctional monomers to give a polymer and some small molecule as a by-product of the process

Answer 8

• Polyester
• Condensation polymer

Question 9

________: in cosmetics

________: in eye drops

________: in aqueous formulations for parenteral administration

Answer 9

• Surfactant
• lubricant
• Stabilizer

POLYSORBATE

Question 10

_______________ used for the temporary relief of pain and itching associated with minor burns, sunburn, scrapes and insect bites or minor skin irritations

Answer 10

• Topical local anesthetic

BENZOCAINE

Question 11

• Antibacterial used to treat infections.

*____________: isolated from a strain of the bacterium _________ (________) found in a soil sample from the Philippines

Answer 11

• Erythromycin
• Streptomyces erythreus (Saccharopolyspora erythraea)

MACROLIDE

Question 12

• Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor used to treat High blood pressure.

Answer 12

ENALAPRIL

Question 13

Local Anaesthetic

Answer 13

cocaine