Skletal
Increased bone density – by weight training
Increased mineral content and bone cell activity less likely to break
Skletal
Increased Ligament strength
Reduce the risk of dislocation at a joint.
Ligaments join bone to bone.
Skletal
Increased thickness of articular cartilage
Protects the ends of the bones from wear and tear.
Muscular- Anaerobic
Hypertrophy of fast twitch muscle fibres
Microtears heal forming more muscle tissue and the muscle increase in size and strength
Muscular- Anaerobic
Increased tendon strength
Increase in collagen as muscles become bigger.
Muscular- Anaerobic
Increased tolerance to lactate
This will delay OBLA which is the point in which lactate accumulates rapidly.
Muscular- Anaerobic
Increased energy stores
3
More ATP stored
More PC stored
This increases the muscles ability to work quickly
Muscular- Anaerobic
Improved use of energy sources
Muscles get better at breaking down glycogen so can exercise at a higher intensity for longer
Muscular- Aerobic
Increase in size and number of Mitochondria
More energy can be produced aerobically, allowing exercise for longer.
Muscular- Aerobic
Increased Myoglobin content
Store more oxygen so more transported to mitochondria, improving aerobic energy production
Muscular- Aerobic
Improved use of energy stores
More energy available to be released.
Respirotiry
Increased strength of respiratory muscles
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles will become stronger. They contract more forcibly, increasing the siz of the thoracic cavity. Increase vital capacity.
Respirotiry
Increased vital capacity
Due to increase in size of thoracic cavity
Respirotiry
Increase in oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion rates.
Due to increase in number of capillaries, allowing more efficient gaseous exchange.
Cardio
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Muscle cell enlargement, increase in size of heart muscle
Cardio
Stroke Volume increases
Increase in size of heart causes more blood to be ejected from the heart per beat.
Cardio
Resting Heart rate decreases
Increase in resting stroke volume causes a decrease in HR. Cardiac output= SVxHR
Cardio
Decreased heart rate recovery time
HR remains elevated to aid recovery but as SV is increased high levels of blood can still be circulated allowing HR to return to resting levels sooner.
Cardio
Capillarisation
Capillary density is increased. Greater volume of blood can flow through body so increased blood supply of O2 and nutrients to the tissue and removal of CO2
Cardio
Reduction in resting blood pressure
Factors that cause this to happen:
Increased blood plasma
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Vasodilation of blood vessels
Cardio
Increase in blood volume
Improves oxygen delivery and thermoregulation.
ATP-PC
Stores more creatine
Able to use this system for longer. So sprinter is able to delay deceleration for longer and gain a faster time.
Lactate
Builds up a tolerance to lactate.
Muscles become less fatigued. Delays onset of OBLA
Energy aerobic
Increased ability to use fats as a fuel source
Energy production is more efficient
