Adaptations, Interdependence, And Competition

Question 1

What do plants need to survive? (8)

Answer 1

• Light
• CO2
• Water
• Minerals
• Correct pH of the soil
• Correct temperature
• Correct humidity
• Space

Question 2

What do animals need to survive? (6)

Answer 2

• Space
• Food
• Water
• Temperature
• Oxygen
• Mate m/f

Question 3

Adaptations of dandelions? (5)

Answer 3

• Light fluffy parachutes on seeds to help dispersal and compete very successfully
• Deep taproot so it is hard to remove
• Regenerate very quickly
• Leaves aref close to the ground so it is hard to be eaten by an animal or mowed by a person
• Long flowering period so ensure fertilisation?

Question 4

Why do plants spread their seeds?

Answer 4

So that the parent plant doesn’t compete with the seedlings for Light, space, water and mineral ions.

Question 5

D. Community?

Answer 5

Populations of different species of animal, plants, fungi, Protista, bacteria and archaea that are all interdependent on a habitat.

Question 6

D. Ecosystem?

Answer 6

Interaction of a community of living organisms with the non living (abiotic) parts of their environment.

Question 7

Within any community, the different animals and plants are often…

Answer 7

Interdependent

Question 8

What does interdependence mean?

Answer 8

When, in a community, each species depends on another species for food, pollination, shelter, seed dispersal etc. If one species is removed, the whole community is affected.

Question 9

What is a stable community?

Answer 9

Where all the species and environmental factors are in balance so that population sizes stay roughly the same.

Question 10

3 Examples of interactions between plants and animals in an ecosystem?

Answer 10

• Animals eat plants
• Animals pollinate plants
• Animals spread seeds through droppings

Question 11

Abiotic factors affecting communities? (7)

Answer 11

• Light intensity
• Temperature
• Moisture levels
• Soil pH and mineral content
• Wind intensity and direction
• Carbon dioxide levels for plants
• Availability of oxygen for animals and aquatic animals

Question 12

Biotic factors affecting communities? (4)

Answer 12

• availability of food
• new predators arriving
• new pathogens
• new competitors

Question 13

D. Abiotic?

Answer 13

non living

Question 14

D. Quadrat?

Answer 14

a sample area

Question 15

What do animals compete for? (3)

Answer 15

food, territory and mates

Question 16

What do plants compete for? (4)

Answer 16

light, space, water and mineral ions

Question 17

Plants and animals both have adaptations to make them good….

Answer 17

competitors

Question 18

D. Structural (physical) adaptations?

Answer 18

Adaptations you can see (inside and out) eg. shape/colour

Question 19

D. Functional adaptations?

Answer 19

Adaptations of the body at a cellular level eg.metabolism

Question 20

D. Behavioural adaptations?

Answer 20

How animals act eg. migration

Question 21

D. Extremophile?

Answer 21

Organisms that survive and reproduce in the most difficult (extreme) conditions/environments with extreme pressure, temperature or salt. eg. water bears

Question 22

Name 2 adaptations that an animal living in a hot place may have

Answer 22

• Kidneys produce very concentrated urine so they waste very little water
• Many have a very large SA:V ratio enabling them to keep cool

Question 23

Adaptations of plants to prevent water loss?

Answer 23

Thick waxy cuticle