ADR Flashcards by rph soon

related to the pharmacological action of the drug

extension effects
detection: early in clinical development
dose dependent

ADR Type A - Augmented

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not related to the pharmacological effect

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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oral hypoglycemics
hypoglycemia

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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steroids
immunosuppression

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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cns depressants (benzo/barbiturates)
sedation

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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anticoagulants
bleeding

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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antihypertensives
hypotension

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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opiates
constipation

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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nitroglycerin
headache

side effects (vasodilated nerves in head)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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ACEI
cough

side effects (bradykinin)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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minoxidil
hirsutism

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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antihistamine
sedation

side effects (histamine = NT for wakefulness)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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statins
rhabdomyolysis/hepatoxicity

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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aminoglycosides
nephro/oto/vestibulotoxicity

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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not pharmacologically predictable

bizarre
not dose dependent
detection: post-licensing

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genetically determined

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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malignant hyperthermia

caused by succinyl choline
DOC: dantrolene

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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hemolytic anemia

caused by G6PD deficiency and the ff
nsaids, sulfa drugs, soya/bean, camphor/menthol

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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stevens-johnson syndrome

caused by sulfa drugs
toxic epidermal necrolysis

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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determined by immune factors

ex asthma, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, etc

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR type B - Bizarre

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IgE mediated hypersensitivity

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell mediated
DOC: epinephrine

symptoms: angioedema, urticaria, hives
low BP, bronchoconstriction

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food allergy

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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penicillin allergy

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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nsaids allergy

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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IgG mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Type II - Cytotoxic b-cell (IgG, IgM) mediated hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

eryhtroblastosis fetalis

hemolytic disease of the newborn Rh incompatibility (+ & -) blood type DOC: Rhogam (Rh Ig) give: 28 weeks pregnant; 72 hrs after birth Type II - Cytotoxic b-cell (IgG, IgM) mediated hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity

Type III - Immune complex-mediated b-cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

rheumatoid arthritis

Type III - Immune complex-mediated b-cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

systemic lupus erythematosus

Type III - Immune complex-mediated b-cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

cell-mediated hypersensitivity

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated after 72 hrs hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

contact dermatitis

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated after 72 hrs hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

graft rejection

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated after 72 hrs hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

mantoux test

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated after 72 hrs hypersensitivity reactions ADR Type B - Bizarre

cumulative dose of the drug

ADR Type C - Continuous dose and time-related prolonged exposure

takes drug compulsively despite harm and desire to stop

addiction ADR Type C - Continuous

marijuana

addiction ADR Type C - Continuous

cocaine

addiction ADR Type C - Continuous

amphetamines

addiction ADR Type C - Continuous

LSD

addiction ADR Type C - Continuous

withdrawal effects w/out drug

dependence ADR Type C - Continuous

benzodiazepines

dependence ADR Type C - Continuous

caffeine

physiological dependence - body cant function well psychological dependence - mind cant function well dependence ADR Type C - Continuous

normal dose has less or no effect

tolerance/ tachyphylaxis ADR Type C - Continuous

nicotine

tolerance/ tachyphylaxis ADR Type C - Continuous

ability to cause caner/ neoplasm/ malignancy

carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

antineoplastic agents

carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

hydrocarbons

carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

aflatoxin

causes liver cancer carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

benzene

carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

PVC

carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

asbestos

causes lung cancer carcinogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

ability to cause fetal malformations

teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

neural tube defect

carbamazepine valproic acid teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

vaginal adenocarcinoma

diethylstilbestrol teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

fetal hydantoin syndrome

phenytoin teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

phocomelia

thalidomide teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

renal agenesis

ACEI/ARBS teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

cleft lip, ear/eye defects, mental retardation

isotretinoin (must stop 3 months before pregnancy) teratogenicity ADR Type D - Delayed

withdrawal symptoms

ADR Type E - End of use remedy: taper dose

opiates irritability

ADR Type E - End of use

rebound insomnia & excitation

benzodiazepine ADR Type E - End of use

rebound hypertension

clonidine ADR Type E - End of use

rebound congestion

nasal decongestants

adrenal crisis

steroids

drug-drug interactions