1
Q
what were some of Alexander III’s reactionary policies?
A
- he arrested 150 members of peoples will and hanged those responsible for his fathers death
- 1885 - closed court sessions re-introduced
- 1889 - introduced land captains who were appointed by nobility (autocracy on local scale)
- 1890 - peasant vote to the Zemstva was reduced and Liberal members of the judiciary were removed from office
2
Q
what was Pobedonostev’s creed?
A
“orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality”
3
Q
what were some of his russification policies?
A
- Russian was to be official first language of the empire
- public office was denied to those who could not speak russian
- Catholic monasteries were closed down
4
Q
what were the anti-semitic events?
A
- from 1881-1884, around 200 anti jewish (pogroms) broke out
- 1882 - may laws - harsher restrictions on jews
5
Q
what were some of Alexander III’s economic policies?
A
- Bunge helped introduce the peasant land bank in 1883 which enabled peasants to buy land. this helped lead to the emergence of kulak class
- he also introduced measures to restrict child labour
- Vyshnegradsky increased the number of loans coming from abroad e.g., france in 1888
- he also forced peasants to sell grain to the state for them to export - resulted in grain exports rising by around 20% although peasants suffered from high taxation
