1
Q
A
2
Q
cheil/o labi/o
A
lips
3
Q
-phagia
A
eating, swallowing
4
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
5
Q
-pexy
A
surgical fixation
6
Q
epi-
A
upon or above
7
Q
phag/o
A
to swallow, to eat
8
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum, begins at stomach, ads at jijunum
9
Q
diverticul/o
A
to turn away, go in a different direction
10
Q
an/o
A
sphincter and opening to outside of body
11
Q
rect/o
A
end of the colon- rectum
12
Q
proct/o
A
rectum & anus together
13
Q
-stenosis
A
narrowing or stricture
14
Q
-centesis
A
puncture - surgical procedure
15
Q
-tripsy
A
to crush
16
Q
cholelith/o
A
gallstones
17
Q
dia-
A
through
18
Q
-emesis
A
vomit
19
Q
-ptysis
A
spitting
20
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
21
Q
-plasty
A
surgical repair
22
Q
-rrhage
A
suture
23
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
24
Q
-ptosis
A
dropping, drooping, prolapse
25
semi-
half
26
melan/o
black
27
retro-
behind, backwards
28
poly-
many, much
29
-algia
toothpain
30
-dynia
toothpain
31
-graph
something written, monograph, radiograph, instrument for making a record
32
anti-
against, opposing
33
-cele
pouching or hernia
34
dent/o odont/o
teeth
35
-ism
condition, disease, or intoxication, practice, doctrine
36
aden/o
gland
37
lith/o
stone
38
-lith
stone
39
ptyal/o
saliva
40
sial/o
saliva
41
or/o stomata/o stom/o
mouth, forming an opening
42
-prandial
meal
43
-rexia -orexia
appetite
44
steat/o lipid/o adip/o
fat
45
-emia
blood
46
-genesis
formation, beggining
47
gluc/o glyc/o
sugar
48
-ase
enzyme
49
-pepsia
digestion
50
gloss/o lingo/o
tongue
51
append/o appendic/o
appendix apend/o is a small structure hanging from a larger structure
52
polyp/o
growth on the internal lumen of an organ
53
sigmoid/o
section of coon (which is made of 4 sections)
54
jejun/o
jejunum- 2nd part of small intestine
55
pancreat/o
pancreas
56
choledoch/o
common bile duct
57
chol/e bil/i
bile or gall (rub/o for red & verd/o green)
58
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
59
pylor/o
pylorus- end of the 4 regions of the stomach
60
-graphy
a writing, a description
61
-orexia -rexia
appetite- the affective and combined aspect of an act, in contrast to the cognitive aspect
62
gingiv/o
gums of the mouth
63
-cyte
cell
64
cyst/o
bladder, cystic duct, cyst
65
-gram
recording- usually be a machine
66
-rrhea
excessive flow or discharge
67
-rrhaphy
suture
68
-al
?????
69
-ac
pertaining to
70
-ic
pertaining to
71
-ous
pertaining to
72
-osis
condition, abnormal condition, process
73
-y
a condition or processor having the nature or quality of
74
-oma
tumor, mass
75
-itis
inflammation of, infection of
76
-ia
condition, state, thing
77
-ics
knowledge, practice
78
an-
without, not
79
col/o colon/o
colon
80
hernia/o
hernia
81
iatrogenic
induced unintentionally as a result of treatment
82
nosocomial
of or relating to a hospital infection acquired from being treated in a hospital
83
gastro/o
stomach
84
log/o
word, the study of
85
nephr/o
kidney, nephron
86
iatr/o
physician, medical treatment
87
a-
away from, without
88
inter-
between
89
intra-
with in
90
endo-
inner most, with in
91
-spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
92
-malacia
A softening or loss of consistency and contiguity in any of the organs or tissues. Also used as a combining form in the suffix position.
93
bi-
Prefix meaning twice or double, referring to double structures or dual actions.
94
trace/o
trachea (windpipe)
95
spir/o
breath, a coil
96
pleur/o
pleura (lung membrane)
97
phren/o
diaphragm, mind
98
py/o
pus
99
pneum/o
lung
100
SOB
shortness of breath
101
ABG
arterial blood gases
102
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
103
C&S
culture & sensitivity: identify bacteria causing pulmonary infection to determine antibiotic treatment
104
expectorants
guaifenesin (Mucinex) EX out;away / PECTOR?O chest / ANT pertaining to
105
URI
upper respiratory infection
106
lob/o
lobe of an organ
107
spirometer
measures breath
108
meter
measure
109
antitussive
ANTI-against TUSS/O-cough IVE-pertaining to dextromethorphan & hydrocodone
110
nas/o
nose
111
ox/o
oxygen (ox/i)
112
-pnea
breathing
113
rales
irregular crackling or bubbling sounds during inspiration. Wet rales are caused by fluid or infection in the alveoli. Dry rales are caused by chronic irritation or fibrosis.
114
wheezes
high-pitched whistling or squeaking sounds during inspiration or expiration. They are caused by extreme narrowing of the lumen due to bronchospasm from asthma.
115
pleural friction rub
creaking, grating, or rubbing sound when the two layers of inflamed pleura rub against each other during inspiration
116
emphysema
chronic exposure to pollution or smoking. The alveoli become hyper inflated, rupture, causes air pockets in lungs. Can inhale, not exhale.
117
asthma
hyperactivity of bronchi and bronchioles with bronchospasm. Inflammation and swelling severely narrow the lumens. (reactive airway disease)
118
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
119
bronch/o
bronchus
120
bronchi/o
bronchus
121
pector/o
chest
122
steth/o
chest
123
thorac/o
thorax-chest
124
pneumon/o
lung, air
125
pulmon/o
lung
126
myc/o
fungus
127
sinus/o
sinus
128
rhin/o
nose
129
osm/o
the sense of smell
130
hydr/o
water, fluid
131
-ectasis
condition of dialation
132
eu-
normal, good
133
asbestosis
occupational lung disease caused by asbestosis ABEST/O asbest/o OSIS-abnormal condition
134
aspiration pneumonia
lung infection - breath in-suck in- caused by foreign matter
135
double pneumonia
both lungs
136
pulmonary embolism
blockage of pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a embolus
137
tuberculosis
TUBERCUL/O nodule, tuberculosis OSIS abnormal condition (soft nodules of necrosis)
138
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
severe infection, extensive burns or injury to lungs- damages the alveoli. Alveoli are edematous, filled with fluid
139
stridor
High-pitched, harsh, crowing sound due to edema or obstruction in the trachea or larynx
140
sputum
mucus production from coughing
141
empyema
Pus in the lungs. EM-in PY/O-pus EMA-condition
142
atelectasis
Collapsed lung. Lungs do not expand or the collapse of the lungs due to mucus. ATEL/O-incomplete ECTASIS-condition of dilation
143
rhonchus (rhonchi)
Humming, whistling, or snoring sounds during inspiration or expiration. Caused by swelling, mucus, or a foreign body that partially obstructs the bronchi.
144
walking pneumonia
mild form pneumonia caused by bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
145
tuberculosis (TB)
lung infection bacterial Mycobacterium tuberculosis spread by airborne droplets and coughing
146
bronchopneumonia
BRONCH/O-bronchus PNEUMON/O-lung, air IA-condition
147
pleural effusion
accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (between 2 layers of pleura) due to inflammation or infection of the pleura and lungs
148
oximeter
instrument to meter oxygen
149
arterial blood gas
Blood test to measure the partial pressure (P) of the gases, oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide (PCO2) in a sample of arterial blood. PH (acidity or alkaline of the blood) is also measured. The higher the level of carbon dioxide, the more acidic the blood and the lower the PH.
150
-osmia
smell (odia)
151
-phonia
voice, sound
152
pleurisy
another name for pleuritis. inflammation of the pleural space.
153
-capnia
carbon dioxide capn/o-, -capnia are the root and suffix that mean carbon dioxide
154
alveoli/alveolus
are tiny air sacs (microscopic) in the lungs at the end of the bronchioles
155
asphyxia
asphyxia is the term that means there is no oxygen to the tissues or suffocation. It also means "no pulse" (-sphyxia)
156
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural cavity. Remember that pneum/o- means air or lung. A pneumothorax will collapse the lung causing atelectasis. Atelectasis can also be caused by infection, cancer or injury.
157
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a combination of two diseases: chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
158
Bronchodilator
Bronchodilator is a medication (usually an inhaler) that widens the bronchi during an asthma attack.
159
Mucolytic
Mucolytic agents are used to dissolve or breakdown mucus in the respiratory tract.
160
-plegia
paralysis or a stroke
161
SOB
shortness of breath
162
pneum/o
lung
163
py/o
pus
164
phren/o
diaphragm, mind
165
pleur/o
pleura (lung membrane)
166
spir/o
breath, a coil
167
trace/o
trachea (windpipe)
168
bi-
Prefix meaning twice or double, referring to double structures or dual actions.
169
-malacia
A softening or loss of consistency and contiguity in any of the organs or tissues. Also used as a combining form in the suffix position.
170
-spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
171
172
cheil/o labi/o
lips
173
-phagia
eating, swallowing
174
esophag/o
esophagus
175
-pexy
surgical fixation
176
epi-
upon or above
177
phag/o
to swallow, to eat
178
duoden/o
duodenum, begins at stomach, ads at jijunum
179
diverticul/o
to turn away, go in a different direction
180
an/o
sphincter and opening to outside of body
181
rect/o
end of the colon- rectum
182
proct/o
rectum & anus together
183
-stenosis
narrowing or stricture
184
-centesis
puncture - surgical procedure
185
-tripsy
to crush
186
cholelith/o
gallstones
187
dia-
through
188
-emesis
vomit
189
-ptysis
spitting
190
hepat/o
liver
191
-plasty
surgical repair
192
-rrhage
suture
193
bucc/o
cheek
194
-ptosis
dropping, drooping, prolapse
195
semi-
half
196
melan/o
black
197
retro-
behind, backwards
198
poly-
many, much
199
-algia
toothpain
200
-dynia
toothpain
201
-graph
something written, monograph, radiograph, instrument for making a record
202
anti-
against, opposing
203
-cele
pouching or hernia
204
dent/o odont/o
teeth
205
-ism
condition, disease, or intoxication, practice, doctrine
206
aden/o
gland
207
lith/o
stone
208
-lith
stone
209
ptyal/o
saliva
210
sial/o
saliva
211
or/o stomata/o stom/o
mouth, forming an opening
212
-prandial
meal
213
-rexia -orexia
appetite
214
steat/o lipid/o adip/o
fat
215
-emia
blood
216
-genesis
formation, beggining
217
gluc/o glyc/o
sugar
218
-ase
enzyme
219
-pepsia
digestion
220
gloss/o lingo/o
tongue
221
append/o appendic/o
appendix apend/o is a small structure hanging from a larger structure
222
polyp/o
growth on the internal lumen of an organ
223
sigmoid/o
section of coon (which is made of 4 sections)
224
jejun/o
jejunum- 2nd part of small intestine
225
pancreat/o
pancreas
226
choledoch/o
common bile duct
227
chol/e bil/i
bile or gall (rub/o for red & verd/o green)
228
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
229
pylor/o
pylorus- end of the 4 regions of the stomach
230
-graphy
a writing, a description
231
-orexia -rexia
appetite- the affective and combined aspect of an act, in contrast to the cognitive aspect
232
gingiv/o
gums of the mouth
233
-cyte
cell
234
cyst/o
bladder, cystic duct, cyst
235
-gram
recording- usually be a machine
236
-rrhea
excessive flow or discharge
237
-rrhaphy
suture
238
-al
?????
239
-ac
pertaining to
240
-ic
pertaining to
241
-ous
pertaining to
242
-osis
condition, abnormal condition, process
243
-y
a condition or processor having the nature or quality of
244
-oma
tumor, mass
245
-itis
inflammation of, infection of
246
-ia
condition, state, thing
247
-ics
knowledge, practice
248
an-
without, not
249
col/o colon/o
colon
250
hernia/o
hernia
251
iatrogenic
induced unintentionally as a result of treatment
252
nosocomial
of or relating to a hospital infection acquired from being treated in a hospital
253
gastro/o
stomach
254
log/o
word, the study of
255
nephr/o
kidney, nephron
256
iatr/o
physician, medical treatment
257
a-
away from, without
258
inter-
between
259
intra-
with in
260
endo-
inner most, with in
261
262
-porosis
formation of the callus in repair of a fractured bone
263
-physis
state of growing
264
-desis
procedure to fuse to together
265
-tome
instrument used to cut, area with distinct edges
266
-trophy
process of development
267
dia-
complete, completing through
268
syn-
together
269
brachia/o
arm
270
cost/o
rib
271
oste/o
bone
272
crani/o
cranium
273
pseud/o
false
274
thorac/o
thorax
275
laimin/o
lamina-a thin, flat plate or stratum of a composite structure; called also layer
276
cervic/o
neck, cervix
277
vertebr/o
vertebra
278
plant/o
sole of the foot
279
spin/o
spine, backbone
280
spindyl/o
vertebra
281
rachi/o
spinal column; vertebrae
282
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord, myelin
283
dactyl/o
fingers; toes
284
phalang/o
phalanx (fingers or toe)
285
radi/o
radius, (forearm bone)
286
ped/i
child
287
necr/o
dead cells
288
acr/o
extremity, highest point
289
kinesi/o
movement
290
burs/o
bursa - a thin sac of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid to cushion and reduce friction where a tenon runs against a bone
291
tax/o
coordination
292
carp/o
wrist
293
muscul/o
muscle
294
rheumat/o
watery flow
295
pod/o
foot
296
ankyl/o
fused together, stiff
297
goni/o
angle
298
chondr/o
cartilage
299
condyl/o
knuckle, knob
300
synov/o
membrane
301
gangli-, gangli/o
ganglion, collection of nerve cell bodies
302
lei/o
smooth
303
my/o
muscle
304
rhabd/o
rod shaped
305
fasci/o, fasc/i
face
306
fibr/o
fiber
307
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon
308
ankylosis
fused together
309
carpal tunnel syndrome
is a hand and arm condition that causes numbness, tingling and other symptoms
310
spasm
sudden, sever involuntary contraction of muscle
311
dislocation
displacement of end of bone from it's normal position
312
subluxation
dislocation, full or partial
313
avulsion
a tearing away forcibly of a part or structure
314
open or compound fracture
bone breaks through overlying skin
315
closed fracture
bone does not break through overlying skin
316
Lyme disease
arthritis caused by bacteria of deer tick bites
317
gout
metabolic disorder, high level of uric acid creating crystal in soft tissures
318
lordosis
sway back condition
319
scoliosis
curved crooked back
320
kyphosis
hump back, hunch back, excessive, abnormal poster curvature
321
myasthenia gravis
autoimmune disorder abnormal or rapid fatigue of muscles particularly in face
322
contracture
fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, facial muscle, or joint
323
sprain
overstretching or tear of ligament around a joint
324
plantar fascitis
tendon on bottom of foot is inflamed
325
strain
overstretching or tear of ligament around a joint
326
bone scan density
measures bone mineral density BMD
327
myelography
spinal cord picture
328
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate, sed rate
329
rheumatoid factor
blood test, positive usually - rheumatoid arthritis ANTI-CCP
330
uric act test
test for gout-The uric acid blood test is used to detect high levels of this compound in the blood in order to help diagnose gout. The test is also used to monitor uric acid levels in people undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer.
331
goniometry
process of measuring angle
332
goniometer
instrument to measure angle
333
ROM
range of motion
334
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
335
ADL
activities of daily living
336
EMG
electromyography
337
electromyography
the recording of the electrical activity of muscle tissue, or its representation as a visual display or audible signal, using electrodes attached to the skin or inserted into the muscle.
338
339
-asthenia
Weakness is a symptom used to describe a number of different conditions, including: lack of muscle strength, malaise, dizziness or fatigue.
340
-esthesia
feeling, sensation
341
-kinesia
movement
342
-lepsy
siezure
343
-paresis
weakness
344
-phasia
speech
345
-philia
attraction for
346
-plegia
paralysis; palsy
347
-trophy
nourishment; development (condition of)
348
-mania
obsessive preoccupation
349
-phoria
to bear, carry; feeling (mental state)
350
-thymia
mind (condition of)
351
tri-
three
352
para-
to bear, bring forth (live births)
353
quadri-
four, square
354
astr/o-
starlike structure
355
olig/o-
scanty, few
356
cephal/o-
head
357
cerebell/o-
cerebellum (posterior part of the brain)
358
cerebr/o-
cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
359
encephal/o
brain
360
lex/o
word; phrase
361
mening/o-
meningeo
362
narc/o-
stupor, sleep
363
tax/o
order; coordination
364
ton/o-
tension
365
hypn/o-
sleep
366
ment/o
mind
367
phren/o-
diaphragm, mind
368
psych/o-
mind
369
schiz/o
split
370
somat/o
body
371
pyr/o
fever, fire
372
mega/o-
large
373
phot/o-
light
374
xen/o-
foreign
375
hydrocephalus
an accumulation of serous fluid within the cranium, especially in infancy, due to obstruction of the movement of cerebrospinal fluid, often causing great enlargement of the head; water on the brain.
376
Alzheimer disease
a common form of dementia, believed to be caused by changes in the brain, usually beginning in late middle age, characterized by memory lapses, confusion, emotional instability, and progressive loss of mental ability
377
epilepsy
a disorder of the nervous system, characterized either by mild, episodic loss of attention or sleepiness (petit mal) or by severe convulsions with loss of consciousness (grand mal)
378
multiple sclerosis
a chronic degenerative, often episodic disease of the central nervous system marked by patchy destruction of the myelin that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, usually appearing in young adulthood and manifested by one or more mild to severe neural and muscular impairments, as spastic weakness in one or more limbs, local sensory losses, bladder dysfunction, or visual disturbances.
379
Parkinson disease
a common neurologic disease believed to be caused by deterioration of the brain cells that produce dopamine, occurring primarily after the age of 60, characterized by tremors, especially of the fingers and hands, muscle rigidity, shuffling gait, slow speech, and a masklike facial expression
380
seizure
the act or an instance of seizing
381
concussion
injury to the brain or spinal cord due to jarring from a blow, fall, or the like.
382
contusion
an injury, as from a blow with a blunt instrument, in which the subsurface tissue is injured but the skin is not broken; bruise.
383
hematoma
a circumscribed collection of blood, usually clotted, in a tissue or organ, caused by a break in a blood vessel.
384
aneurysm
a permanent cardiac or arterial dilatation usually caused by weakening of the vessel wall.
385
cerebrovascular accident
a sudden interruption of the blood supply to the brain caused by rupture of an artery in the brain ( cerebral haemorrhage) or the blocking of a blood vessel, as by a clot of blood ( cerebral occlusion)
386
transient ischemic attack
a brief vascular spasm in which a partially blocked artery impedes blood flow to the brain, resulting in symptoms such as impaired vision, dizziness, numbness, or unconsciousness.
387
delirium
a more or less temporary disorder of the mental faculties, as in fevers, disturbances of consciousness, or intoxication, characterized by restlessness, excitement, delusions, hallucinations,
388
dementia
severe impairment or loss of intellectual capacity and personality integration, due to the loss of or damage to neurons in the brain.
389
syncope
brief loss of consciousness associated with transient cerebral anemia, as in heart block, sudden lowering of the blood pressure, etc.; fainting.
390
mania
excessive excitement or enthusiasm; craze
391
Munchausen syndrome
a factitious disorder in which otherwise healthy individuals seek to hospitalize themselves with feigned or self-induced pathology in order to receive surgical or other medical treatment
392
obsessive-compulsive disorder
an anxiety disorder in which patients are driven to repeat the same act, such as washing their hands, over and over again, usually for many hours OCD
393
panic attack disorder
iagnosed in people who experience spontaneous seemingly out-of-the-blue panic attacks and are preoccupied with the fear of a recurring
394
395
-asthenia
Weakness is a symptom used to describe a number of different conditions, including: lack of muscle strength, malaise, dizziness or fatigue.
396
-esthesia
feeling, sensation
397
-kinesia
movement
398
-lepsy
siezure
399
-paresis
weakness
400
-phasia
speech
401
-philia
attraction for
402
-plegia
paralysis; palsy
403
-trophy
nourishment; development (condition of)
404
-mania
obsessive preoccupation
405
-phoria
to bear, carry; feeling (mental state)
406
-thymia
mind (condition of)
407
tri-
three
408
para-
to bear, bring forth (live births)
409
quadri-
four, square
410
astr/o-
starlike structure
411
olig/o-
scanty, few
412
cephal/o-
head
413
cerebell/o-
cerebellum (posterior part of the brain)
414
cerebr/o-
cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
415
encephal/o
brain
416
lex/o
word; phrase
417
mening/o-
meningeo
418
narc/o-
stupor, sleep
419
tax/o
order; coordination
420
ton/o-
tension
421
hypn/o-
sleep
422
ment/o
mind
423
phren/o-
diaphragm, mind
424
psych/o-
mind
425
schiz/o
split
426
somat/o
body
427
pyr/o
fever, fire
428
mega/o-
large
429
phot/o-
light
430
xen/o-
foreign
431
hydrocephalus
an accumulation of serous fluid within the cranium, especially in infancy, due to obstruction of the movement of cerebrospinal fluid, often causing great enlargement of the head; water on the brain.
432
Alzheimer disease
a common form of dementia, believed to be caused by changes in the brain, usually beginning in late middle age, characterized by memory lapses, confusion, emotional instability, and progressive loss of mental ability
433
epilepsy
a disorder of the nervous system, characterized either by mild, episodic loss of attention or sleepiness (petit mal) or by severe convulsions with loss of consciousness (grand mal)
434
multiple sclerosis
a chronic degenerative, often episodic disease of the central nervous system marked by patchy destruction of the myelin that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, usually appearing in young adulthood and manifested by one or more mild to severe neural and muscular impairments, as spastic weakness in one or more limbs, local sensory losses, bladder dysfunction, or visual disturbances.
435
Parkinson disease
a common neurologic disease believed to be caused by deterioration of the brain cells that produce dopamine, occurring primarily after the age of 60, characterized by tremors, especially of the fingers and hands, muscle rigidity, shuffling gait, slow speech, and a masklike facial expression
436
seizure
the act or an instance of seizing
437
concussion
injury to the brain or spinal cord due to jarring from a blow, fall, or the like.
438
contusion
an injury, as from a blow with a blunt instrument, in which the subsurface tissue is injured but the skin is not broken; bruise.
439
hematoma
a circumscribed collection of blood, usually clotted, in a tissue or organ, caused by a break in a blood vessel.
440
aneurysm
a permanent cardiac or arterial dilatation usually caused by weakening of the vessel wall.
441
cerebrovascular accident
a sudden interruption of the blood supply to the brain caused by rupture of an artery in the brain ( cerebral haemorrhage) or the blocking of a blood vessel, as by a clot of blood ( cerebral occlusion)
442
transient ischemic attack
a brief vascular spasm in which a partially blocked artery impedes blood flow to the brain, resulting in symptoms such as impaired vision, dizziness, numbness, or unconsciousness.
443
delirium
a more or less temporary disorder of the mental faculties, as in fevers, disturbances of consciousness, or intoxication, characterized by restlessness, excitement, delusions, hallucinations,
444
dementia
severe impairment or loss of intellectual capacity and personality integration, due to the loss of or damage to neurons in the brain.
445
syncope
brief loss of consciousness associated with transient cerebral anemia, as in heart block, sudden lowering of the blood pressure, etc.; fainting.
446
mania
excessive excitement or enthusiasm; craze
447
Munchausen syndrome
a factitious disorder in which otherwise healthy individuals seek to hospitalize themselves with feigned or self-induced pathology in order to receive surgical or other medical treatment
448
obsessive-compulsive disorder
an anxiety disorder in which patients are driven to repeat the same act, such as washing their hands, over and over again, usually for many hours OCD
449
panic attack disorder
iagnosed in people who experience spontaneous seemingly out-of-the-blue panic attacks and are preoccupied with the fear of a recurring
450
451
-arche
beginning
452
-cyesis
pregnancy
453
-dipsia
thirst?
454
-gravida
pregnant woman
455
-para
to bear, bring forth (live births)
456
-pasm
find it
457
-tocia
labor; birth (condition of)
458
-uria
urination; condition of urine
459
-multi-
many
460
neo-
new
461
nulli-
none
462
olig-
scanty
463
para-
near; beside; abnormal; apart from; along the side of
464
primi-
first
465
supra-
above; upper
466
amni/o-
amnion (sac surrounding the embryo)
467
andr/o-
male
468
cervic/o
neck; cervix (neck of uterus)
469
colp/o-, vagin/o-
vagina
470
cry/o-
cold
471
crypt/o-
hidden
472
cyst/o-
urinary bladder; cyst; sac of fluid
473
dips/o-
thirst
474
episi/o-, vulv/o-
vulva
475
galact/o-, lact/o-
milk
476
glomerul/o-
glomerulus
477
gynec/o
women
478
hyster/o-, metr/o-, uter/o-, metri/o
uterus; womb
479
leiomy/o
smooth (visceral) muscle
480
mamm/o-, mast/o-
breast
481
men/o-
menses; menstruation
482
nephr/o-
kidney
483
noct/o-
night
484
oophor/o-, ovari/o-
ovary
485
orch/o-, orchi/o-
testis
486
orchid/o-, test/o-
testis
487
oxy/o-
swift; sharpp; acid
488
perine/o-
perineum
489
prostat/o-
prostate gland
490
pseud/o-
false
491
pyel/o-
renal pelvis
492
ren/o-
kidney
493
salping/o-
fallopian tube; auditory (eustachian) tube
494
sperm/o-
spermatozoa; sperm cells
495
spermat/o-
spermatozoa; sperm cells
496
ur/o-
urine; urinary tract
497
ureter/o-
ureter
498
urin/o-
urine
499
vas/o-
vessel; duct; vas deferens
500
anteversion
Turning forward, inclining forward as a whole without bending; most commonly used to describe the normal position of the uterus in which it is angled anteriorly relative to the long axis of the vagina, so that it rests on the bladder.
501
atrophy
A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, lessened function, or hormonal changes.
502
benign prostatic hyperplasia
progressive enlargement of the prostate due to hyperplasia of both glandular and stromal components, typically beginning in the fifth decade and sometimes causing obstructive or irritative symptoms, or both; does not evolve into cancer.
503
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
nitrogen, in the form of urea, in the blood; the most prevalent of nonprotein nitrogenous compounds in blood; blood normally contains 10–15 mg of urea/100 mL. Measurements in the laboratory are commonly used as a measure of renal function.
504
chordee
Bending or curvature of erect penis; either congenital, as associated with hypospadias, or acquired, as in Peyronie disease.
505
dyspareunia
Occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse.
506
eclampsia
Occurrence of one or more convulsions, not attributable to other cerebral conditions such as epilepsy or cerebral hemorrhage, in a patient with preeclampsia.
507
ectopic pregnancy
the implantation and development of a blastocyst outside the cavity of the uterus.
508
glomerulonephritis
Renal disease characterized by diffuse inflammatory changes in glomeruli that are not the acute response to infection of the kidneys.
509
gravida
A pregnant woman
510
gynecomastia
Excessive development of the male mammary glands, due mainly to ductal proliferation with periductal edema; frequently secondary to increased estrogen levels, but mild gynecomastia may occur in normal adolescence.
511
hydrocele
A collection of serous fluid in a sacculated cavity; specifically, such a collection in the space of the tunica vaginalis testis, or in a separate pocket along the spermatic cord
512
incontinence
Inability to prevent the discharge of any of the excretions, especially of urine or feces.
513
intravenous pyelogram
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_A radiograph or series of radiographs of the renal pelvis and ureter, following injection of contrast medium.
514
micturition
1. The desire to urinate.2. Frequency of urination.
515
para
hmmmmm
516
pelvic inflammatory disease
acute or chronic suppurative inflammation of female pelvic structures (endometrium, uterine tubes, pelvic peritoneum) due to infection by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or other organisms, typically a complication of sexually transmitted infection of the lower genital tract, may be precipitated by menstruation, parturition, or surgical procedures including abortion; complications include tuboovarian abscess, tubal stenosis with resulting infertility or sterility and heightened risk of ectopic pregnancy, and peritoneal adhesions.
517
placenta previa
the condition in which the placenta is implanted in the lower segment of the uterus, extending to the margin of the internal os of the uterus or partially or completely obstructing the os.
518
polycystic kidney
a progressive disease characterized by formation of multiple cysts of varying size scattered diffusely throughout both kidneys, resulting in compression and destruction of renal parenchyma, usually with hypertension, gross hematuria, and uremia leading to progressive renal failure. There are two major types: with onset in infancy or early childhood, usually of autosomal recessive inheritance with onset in adulthood, of autosomal dominant inheritance with genetic heterogeneity
519
pre-eclampsia
Development of hypertension with proteinuria or edema, or both, due to pregnancy or the influence of a recent pregnancy; it usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.
520
retroversion
A turning backward, as of the uterus.
521
urgency
A strong desire to void.
522
urinalysis
Analysis of the urine.
523
varicocele
A condition manifested by abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord, caused by incompetent valves in the internal spermatic vein and resulting in impaired drainage of blood into the spermatic cord veins when the person assumes an upright position.
524
voiding cystourethrogram
an x-ray image made during voiding and with the bladder and urethra filled with contrast medium
525
catheterization
Passage of a catheter.
526
cryosurgery
An operation using freezing temperature (achieved by liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide) as an independent agent or in an instrument to destroy tissue.
527
extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
breaking up of renal or ureteral calculi by focused sound energy.
528
hemodialysis
Dialysis of soluble substances and water from the blood by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane; separation of cellular elements and colloids from soluble substances is achieved by pore size in the membrane and rates of diffusion.
529
peritoneal dialysis
removal from the body of soluble substances and water by transfer across the peritoneum, using a dialysis solution that is intermittently introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity; transfer of diffusable solutes and water between the blood and the peritoneal cavity depends on the concentration gradient between the two fluid compartments.
530
Pharmacology
The science concerned with drugs, their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses.
531
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia
532
BUN
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
533
D&C
dilation & curettage
534
GU
Gastric Ulcer
535
GYN
Gynecologic, Gynecology, Gynecologist
536
IVP
In Vitro Production
537
KUB
Kidney-Ureter-Bladder
538
LMP
Last Menstrual Period
539
OB
Obstetrics, Obstetrician
540
Pap
Papilla
541
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
542
STD
Sexually Transmitted Disease
543
TURP
Transurethral Resection of Prostate
544
UA
urinalysis
545
UTI
Urinary Tract Infection
546
end-stage renal disease
Kidneys no longer able to work at level needed for day-today life. Diabetes and high blood pressure most common cuase. After chronic kidney disease.
547
para
defense, protection against; that which protects from," from Italian para, imperative of parare "to ward off," from Latin parare "make ready"
548
prostate-specific antigen
a protein produced by cells of the prostate gland
549
renal calculi
kidney stone
550
renal scan
nuclear medicine exam in which a small amount of radioactive material (radioisotope) is used to measure the function of the kidneys.
551
antispasmodics
Antispasmodic drugs relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines, and bladder.
552
dilation & curettage (D&C)
Remove tissue in the uterus during or after a miscarriage or abortion or to remove small pieces of placenta after childbirth. This helps prevent infection or heavy bleeding.
553
diuretics
For high blood pressure, diuretics, commonly known as "water pills," help your body get rid of unneeded water and salt through the urine
554
Papanicolaou test
cervical smear, or smear test) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb).
555
stent placement
Angioplasty is a procedure to open narrowed or blocked blood vessels that supply blood to your legs. Fatty deposits can build up inside the arteries and block blood flow. A stent is a small, metal mesh tube that keeps the artery open. Angioplasty and stent placement are two ways to open blocked peripheral arteries.
556
NB
newborn
557
558
-derma
skin
559
-tome
instrument to cut
560
-malacia
softening
561
para-
near; beside; abnormal; apart from; along the side of
562
adip/o - lip/o
fat fat; lipid
563
xanth/o
yellow
564
cutane/o -derma dermat/o
skin
565
toxic/o
poison
566
hidr/o
sweat
567
myc/o
fungus
568
onych/o
nail (of fingers or toes)
569
ungu/o
nail
570
parathyroid/o
parathyroid glands
571
seb/o
sebum
572
adren/o
adrenal gland
573
calc/o
calcium
574
gluc/o
glucose; sugar
575
ox/o
oxygen
576
albin/o
white
577
leuk/o
white
578
cirrh/o
orange-yellow
579
jaund/o
yellow
580
cyan/o
blue
581
rhytid/o
wrinkle
582
kal/i
potassium
583
pancreat/o
pancreas
584
erythem/o
flushed; redness
585
erythr/o
red
586
kerat/o
cornea; hard, horny tissue
587
thym/o
thymus gland
588
thyr/o
thyroid gland; sheild
589
xer/o
dry, dryness
590
ichthy/o
dry; scaly
591
pil/o
hair
592
acr/o
extremities; top; extreme point
593
alopecia
Alopecia simply means hair loss (baldness).
594
basal cell carcinoma
most common form of skin cancer, consisting of an epithelial tumor of the skin originating from neoplastic differentiation of basal cells, rarely metastatic but locally invasive and aggressive.
595
cellulitis
"inflammation of the cells.
596
cyst
1. bladder. 2. an abnormal closed epithelium-lined sac in the body that contains a liquid or semisolid substance.
597
gangrene
Gangrene is the term used to describe the decay or death of an organ or tissue caused by a lack of blood supply. It is a complication resulting from infectious or inflammatory processes, injury, or degenerative changes associated with chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus.
598
jaundice
Jaundice is a condition in which a person's skin and the whites of the eyes are discolored yellow due to an increased level of bile pigments in the blood resulting from liver disease. Jaundice is sometimes called icterus, from a Greek word for the condition.
599
hirsutism
Excessive growth of facial or body hair in women is called hirsutism.
600
ichthyosis
Derived from two Greek words meaning "fish" and "disease," ichthyosis is a congenital (meaning present at birth) dermatological (skin) disease that is represented by thick, scaly skin.
601
tinea
tinea ca´pitis ringworm of the scalp, a fungal infection caused by various species of Microsporum and Trichophyton. Generally it is characterized by one or more small, round, elevated patches, scaling of the scalp, and dry and brittle hair.
602
nevus
a circumscribed stable malformation of the skin or sometimes the oral mucosa, which is not due to external causes; the excess (or deficiency) of tissue may involve epidermal, connective tissue, adnexal, nervous, or vascular elements. Most are either brown, black, or pink; they may appear on any part of the skin, vary in size and thickness, and occur either in groups or alone. See also mole.
603
petechia
a minute, pinpoint, nonraised, perfectly round, purplish red spot caused by intradermal or submucous hemorrhage, which later turns blue or yellow. adj., adj pete´chial.
604
squamous-cell carcinoma
A carcinoma composed principally of anaplastic, squamous epithelial cells. Also known as epidermoid carcinoma.
605
ulcer
open sore or circumscribed erosion, usually slow to heal, on the skin or mucous membranes. It may develop as a result of injury; because of a circulatory disturbance, e.g., in varicose veins or after prolonged bed rest; or in association with such diseases as tuberculosis, syphilis, or leprosy. Corneal ulcers, which result from infection, allergy, or foreign objects in the eye, can cause visual impairment if not treated promptly. Some ulcers may develop into cancer. The underlying cause must be treated as well as the ulcerous lesion.
606
Urticaria
Hives or nettle rash; a skin condition characterized by the appearance of intensely itching wheals or welts with elevated, usually white centers and a surrounding area of erythema. Also known as hives.
607
pitting edema
Edema of such degree that the skin can be temporarily indented by pressure with the fingers.
608
pallor
Paleness, especially of the skin and mucous membranes.
609
Scleroderma
An abnormal increase in collagenous connective tissue in the skin. Also known as chorionitis; dermatosclerosis; scleriasis.
610
diaphoresis
Perspiration, especially when copious and medically induced.
611
melanoma
A dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte and occurring most commonly in the skin.
612
petechiae
A small purplish spot on a body surface, such as the skin or a mucous membrane, caused by a minute hemorrhage and often seen in typhus.
613
graves disease
a disease characterized by an enlarged thyroid and increased basal metabolism due to excessive thyroid secretion.
614
hirsutism
Heavy growth of hair, often in abnormal distribution.
615
hypervolemia
a blood disorder consisting of an increase in the volume of circulating blood
616
hyponatremia
An abnormally low plasma concentration of sodium ions.
617
ketoacidosis
acidosis with an accumulation of ketone bodies; occurs primarily in diabetes mellitus acidosis - abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues
618
purpura
A condition characterized by hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes that result in the appearance of purplish spots or patches.
619
myxedema
A disease caused by decreased activity of the thyroid gland in adults and characterized by dry skin, swellings around the lips and nose, mental deterioration, and a subnormal basal metabolic rate.
620
acromegaly
A chronic disease of adults marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by overactivity of the pituitary gland.
621
Addison disease
An endocrinopathy characterised by decreased production of aldosterone and cortisol.
622
anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a type of allergic reaction, in which the immune system responds to otherwise harmless substances from the environment. Unlike other allergic reactions, however, anaphylaxis can kill. Reaction may begin within minutes or even seconds of exposure, and rapidly progress to cause airway constriction, skin and intestinal irritation, and altered heart rhythms. In severe cases, it can result in complete airway obstruction, shock, and death.
623
Cushing syndrome
a disorder resulting from increased adrenocortical secretion of cortisol (giving clinical picture of Cushing disease), due to any one of several sources: ACTH-dependent adrenocortical hyperplasia or tumor, ectopic ACTH-secreting tumor, or excessive administrations of steroids; characterized by trunkal obesity, moon face, acne, abdominal striae, hypertension, decreased carbohydrate tolerance, protein catabolism, psychiatric disturbances, and osteoporosis, amenorrhea, and hirsutism in females; when associated with an ACTH-producing adenoma, called Cushing disease.
624
debridement
Debridement is the process of removing nonliving tissue from pressure ulcers, burns, and other wounds.
625
lobectomy
excision of a lobe, as of the lung, brain, or liver.
626
cryosurgery
An operation using freezing temperature (achieved by liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide) as an independent agent or in an instrument to destroy tissue.
627
Antimycotics
An antifungal medication is a pharmaceutical fungicide used to treat mycoses such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
628
antipruritics
Used to reduce or prevent itching of the skin or mucous membranes.
629
Antifungals
Destroying or inhibiting the growth of fungi.
630
corticosteroids
1. Cortisone and other hormones produced in the cortex of each adrenal gland. Corticosteroids help to control the balance of salts and sugars in the body. 2. Natural or synthetic hormones that assist metabolism, act in relation to stress, or maintain the salt-andwater balance in the body.
631
632
-oma
tumor; mass; fluid collection
633
ana-
up; apart; backward; again; anew
634
dys-
bad: painful: difficult: abnormal
635
meta-
change; beyond
636
neo-
new
637
eso-
inward
638
exo-
out; away from
639
hetero-
other, different
640
carcin/o
cancerous; cancer
641
cry/o
cold
642
hist/o
tissue
643
leiomy/o
smooth (visceral) muscle
644
leuk/o
white
645
onc/o
tumor
646
myel/o
spinal cord; bone marrow
647
sarc/o
flesh (connective tissue)
648
aden/o
gland
649
son/o
sound
650
radi/o
x-rays; radioactivity; radius (lateral lower arm bone)
651
metastasis
1. the transfer of disease from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it. It may be due either to the transfer of pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., tubercle bacilli) or to the transfer of cells, as in malignant tumors. See also cancer. 2. a growth of pathogenic microorganisms or of abnormal cells distant from the site primarily involved by the morbid process. adj., adj metastat´ic.
652
apoptosis
the cessation of all physical and chemical processes that invariably occurs in all living organisms.
653
excisional
surgery of or relating to an excision
654
incisional
a. A cut into a body tissue or organ, especially one made during surgery. b. The scar resulting from such a cut.
655
benign neoplasm
a localized tumor that has a fibrous capsule, limited potential for growth, a regular shape, and cells that are well differentiated.
656
in situ
in its normal place; confined to the site of origin.
657
malignant neoplasm
a tumor that tends to grow, invade, and metastasize. The tumor usually has an irregular shape and is composed of poorly differentiated cells. If untreated, it may result in death.
658
hyperplasia
abnormal increase in volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells.
659
metaplasia
the change in the type of adult cells in a tissue to a form abnormal for that tissue.
660
dysplasia
an abnormality of development; in pathology, alteration in size, shape, and organization of adult cells.
661
anaplasia
loss of differentiation of cells and their orientation to each other, a characteristic of tumor cells;
662
neoplasia
the formation of a neoplasm.
663
palliative
1. giving relief but not curing. 2. a drug with this effect.
664
cachexia
a profound and marked state of constitutional disorder; general ill health and malnutrition.
665
rhabdomyoscarcoma
a highly malignant tumor arising in striated muscle or in embryonal mesenchymal cells that exhibit differentiation along rhabdomyoblastic lines, including but not limited to the presence of cells with recognizable cross striations.
666
flat plate
jargon for plain film.
667
film badge
a pack of radiographic film or films worn as a badge, used for the detection and approximate measurement of radiation exposure of personnel.
668
papilloma
a benign tumor derived from epithelium. Papillomas may arise from skin, mucous membranes, or glandular ducts.
669
interventional radiology
the branch of medical science dealing with use of x-rays, radioactive substances, and other forms of radiant energy in diagnosis and treatment of disease.
670
dosimetry
scientific determination of amount, rate, and distribution of radiation emitted from a source of ionizing radiation.
671
peau d' orange
A swollen pitted skin surface overlying carcinoma of the breast in which there is both stromal infiltration and lymphatic obstruction with edema.
672
remission
diminution or abatement of the symptoms of a disease; the period during which such diminution occurs.
673
scout film
a radiograph exposed before contrast medium is given, such as the preliminary film for an angiogram, urogram, or barium contrast gastrointestinal examination.
674
serum tumor markers
yep
675
plain film
a radiograph made without use of a contrast medium.
676
encapsulated
Enclosed in a capsule or sheath.
677
leukemia
a progressive, malignant neoplasm of the blood-forming organs, marked by diffuse replacement of the bone marrow development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow.
678
multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma is a cancer in which antibody-producing plasma cells grow in an uncontrolled and invasive (malignant) manner.
679
sarcoma
A tumor, often highly malignant, composed of cells derived from connective tissue such as bone, cartilage, muscle, blood vessel, or lymphoid tissue; sarcomas usually develop rapidly and metastasize through the lymph channels.
680
carcinoma
a malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases.
681
adenocarcinoma
carcinoma derived from glandular tissue or in which the tumor cells form recognizable glandular structures.
682
lymphoma
any neoplastic disorder of lymphoid tissue, including hodgkin's disease.
683
Hodgin's lymphoma
a rare lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system.
684
Non-Hodgin's lymphoma
any neoplastic disorder of lymphoid tissue, NOT including hodgkin's disease.
685
