Individuals ask and answer questions about the universeThese questions also usually involve physical objects and and physical/measurable phenomena

Forming hypothesesPredicting resultsDoing experiments and/or making observationsGathering dataAnalyzing results

The data may:Support a hypothesisContradict a hypothesisInspire a revised or new hypothesis

The study of life, which is anything actively metabolizing and self perpetuatingWe mostly recognize life by what living things do and how they act

Organisms that have to eat other organisms to obtain their energy are called heterotrophsOrganisms that obtain their energy from the sun through photosynthesis are called autotrophs

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Science

Individuals ask and answer questions about the universe <ul><li>These questions also usually involve physical objects and and physical/measurable phenomena

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Subjectivity v. Objectivity

Opinion v. Truth

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Scientific Method

Provides a means of addressing questions as objectively as possible:
- Observation
- Question
- Hypothesis
- Prediction
- Experiment
- Revision
- Conclusion

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Testing Ideas:

<ul><li>Forming hypotheses</li><li>Predicting results</li><li>Doing experiments and/or making observations</li><li>Gathering data</li><li>Analyzing results</li></ul>

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Interpreting Results

The data may: <ul><li>Support a hypothesis</li><li>Contradict a hypothesis</li><li>Inspire a revised or new hypothesis</li></ul>

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What are the three variables essential to an experiment and why are they important?

<ol><li>Independent [the variable that gets manipulated]</li><li>Dependent [the variable that changes as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable]</li><li>Controlled [the variable that doesn't get any experimental treatment, helps to establish a baseline]</li></ol>

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Why can science not address supernatural phenomena?

Because hypotheses must be testable and easily falsifiable, and experiments must be repeatable and produce consistent results

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Theory

In science, a theory is an accepted truth that has not yet been disproved

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Biology

The study of life, which is anything actively metabolizing and self perpetuating <ul><li>We mostly recognize life by what living things do and how they act</li></ul>

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Characteristics of Life

<ol><li>Metabolism</li><li>Reproduction</li><li>Homeostasis</li><li>Adaptation to Change</li><li>Response to Change</li><li>Organization</li><li>Interdependency</li></ol>

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Metabolism

The capacity to aquire and use energy to ensure survival <ul><li>All organisms burn energy through a process called cellular respiration, which requires food and sometimes oxygen <ul></ul></li></ul>

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Energy Acquisition

<ol><li>Organisms that have to eat other organisms to obtain their energy are called heterotrophs</li><li>Organisms that obtain their energy from the sun through photosynthesis are called autotrophs</li></ol>

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Reproduction

The ability for organisms to replace themselves

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What are the two types of reproduction?

<ol><li>Asexual - one parent [goes through mitosis and cytokinesis - cloning]</li><li>Sexual - two parents [meiosis and fertilization - adds variation]</li></ol>

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Homeostasis

The ability of the organisms to maintain a constant internal condition; organisms are actively working to maintain this

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Adaptation to Change

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Organisms have the capacity to evolve

Evolution

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Long term changes in populations that usually occur as a response to environmental conditions

Response to Change

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Organisms respond to changes in the environment <ul><li>Response [individuals move to capture food or avoid predators, plants grow/lean in the direction of light]</li></ul>

Organization

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Organisms are very organized <ul><li>Cells have extremely organized functions, expecially when packed with other</li><li>DNA is organized into genes that code for the production of proteins</li></ul>

Interdependency

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When organisms require other organisms to live <ul><li>Food</li><li>Nutrients</li><li>Oxygen</li><li>CO2</li><li>Pollination</li><li>Symbiosis</li></ul>

Core Themes in the Study of Life

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<ol><li>Organization & Emergent Properties</li><li>Expression & Transmission of Genetic</li><li>Information</li><li>Energy Transfer & Transformation</li><li>Interactions (at many levels)</li><li>Evolutionary Change</li></ol>

Organization and Emergent Properties

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