Effects of immobility on musculoskeletal system:
Disuse osteoporosis Decreased muscle mass Contactures Stiffness Pain
Consequences of immobility occur in these body systems:
Musculoskeletal Cardiovascular Integumentary Respiratory Gastrointestinal/urinary Psychosocial
Effects of immobility on cardiovascular system
Diminished cardiac reserve
Postural hypotension
Venous vasodilation - stasis - thrombosis
Effects of immobility on respiratory system
Decreased respiratory movement
Pooling of secretions - atelectasis - (hypostatic) pneumonia
Effects of immobility on gastrointestinal /urinary system
Anorexia
Constipation
Urinary stasis
Urinary retention - incontinence and infection
Effects of immobility on integument
Reduced skin turgor
Impaired circulation - skin breakdown
Braden Scale used to assess risk for sores