AMCR MIDTERMS Flashcards by Jesry De Leon

The most common technique of joining sheets of
aluminum is this. A _____ is a metal pin with a formed head on one end. A
_____ is inserted into a drilled hole, and its shank is then deformed by a hand or
pneumatic tool. ____ create a union at least as strong as the material being
joined.

Rivets

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It has been used since sheet metal was first utilized in
aircraft and remains the single most used aircraft fastener today.

Solid Shank Rivet

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When a rivet is driven, its cross-sectional area _____ along with its
bearing and shearing strengths.

increases

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Rivet Codes that are used today

Air Force - Navy, or AN system,
and the Military Standards 20 system, or MS20.

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The two most common rivet head styles

Universal head and Countersunk

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What is the code of the universal head

470

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What is the code of countersunk

426

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These were developed to streamline airfoils and permit a
smooth flow over an aircraft’s wings or control surfaces.

AN426 (countersunk rivets)

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before a
countersunk rivet can be installed, the metal must be ________

countersunk or dimpled

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It is a process in which the metal in the top sheet is cut away in the
shape of the rivet head.

Countersinking

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It is a process that
mechanically “dents” the sheets being joined to accommodate the rivet head.

Dimpling

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Rivet Code of a universal head

AN470 - MS20470

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Rivet Code of a flat head

AN442

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Rivet Code of a roundhead

AN430

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Rivet Code of a Brazier Head

AN455

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To provide a smooth finish after
the rivet is driven, the protruding rivet head is removed using a ____ . This
rotary cutter shaves the rivet head flush with the skin, leaving an aerodynamically
clean surface.

Microshaver

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An alternative to leaving the rivet head sticking up slightly is to use the _________.

Alcoa crown flush rivet

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the amount of force that is
needed to cut a rivet into two

Shear Strength

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the amount of force that will
cause the rivet to tear out from the metal

Bearing Strength

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Rivets made of pure aluminum have no identifying marks on their manufactured head
and are designated by the letter A in the rivet code.

1100 Aluminum (Rivet Code: A)

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is the most widely used for manufacturing and maintenance of
modern aircraft. Rivets made of this alloy have a dimple in the center of the head and
are represented by the letters AD in rivet part codes. Because AD rivets are so common
and require no heat treatment, they are often referred to as “field rivets.”

2117 Aluminum Alloy (AD) or 2117-T3

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Some aircraft parts are made of magnesium. If aluminum rivets were used on these
parts, dissimilar metal corrosion could result. For this reason, magnesium structures
are riveted with 5056 rivets which contain about 5 percent magnesium. These rivets
are identified by a raised cross on their heads and the letter B in a rivet code.

5056 Aluminum Alloy (B)

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the aluminum industry modified 2017 alloy to produce a new version of 2017 aluminum,
called the _________.

crack free rivet alloy

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are identified by a raised dot in the center of their head and the letter D in rivet
codes. Because D-rivets are so hard they must be heat treated before they can be used.

2017 Aluminum Alloy (D)

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are identified by two raised dashes on their head.

DD-Rivets / 2024 Aluminum Alloy (DD)

This alloy contains zinc as the major alloying ingredient and is precipitation heat-treated. This alloy is used by the Boeing Airplane Company as a replacement for 2024T31 rivets in the manufacture of the 767 widebody aircraft.

7050-T73 Aluminum Alloy (E)

Stainless steel rivets are used for fastening corrosion-resistant steel sheets in applications such as firewalls and exhaust shrouds. They have no marking on their heads.

Corrosion Resistant Steel (F)

This rivets are identified with two recessed dimples in their heads. They are used in place of corrosion-resistant steel rivets when their somewhat lower shear strength is not a detriment.

Monel (M)

used for fastening steel and titanium alloy.

Titanium (T)

AMS

Aeronautical Material Specifications

Air Force-Navy

AND

Air Force-Navy Design

Aeronautical Standard

ASA

American Standards Association

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials

Military Standard

NAF

Naval Aircraft Factory

NAS

National Aerospace Standard

SAE

Society of Automotive Engineers

These rivets are installed with access to only one end of the rivet.

Special Rivets or Blind Rivets

These rivets have limited use on aircraft and are never used for structural repairs. Useful for temporarily lining up holes; used in some homebuilt aircraft

Pop Rivets

develop the maximum strength from the sheet metal as determined by the amount of load that the sheet metal must carry.

Rivet Layout Pattern

metal sheet will tear out in extreme conditions

If it's too close to the edge

metal sheet separates; contaminants enter the join causing corrosion for instance.

If it's too far from the edge

no closer than _____ rivet shank diameters from the edge and no further back than _____ diameters

2, 4

the distance between adjacent rivets in a row.

Rivet Pitch

Accepted Practice in Rivet Pitch

3D-12D

the distance between rows of rivets in a multi-row layout.

Transverse Pitch

Accepted practice in Transverse Pitch

75% RP, if staggered RP=TP, if not staggered

safer to use; less chances of electric shock and arcing; motor speed is controlled by varying trigger pressure.

Pneumatic Drills

what type of dimpling that uses a forging action

Coin Dimpling

what type of dimpling that uses a folding action

Radius Dimpling

Two types of Dimpling

Double-Dimple, Dimple-Countersunk

When installing rivets, it is important to install the rivet with as _________ as possible so the materials will not work-harden and crack.

few impacts

3 Types of Rivet Installation

Hand Riveting, Compression Riveting, Gun Riveting

radius of depression in the set must be larger than that of the rivet head, but not so large that the edges of the set contract the surface of the metal.

Rivet Set

When a rivet is driven, the actual compression of the rivet is not performed by the action of the rivet gun, instead, the rivet is backed up by a metal bar that reciprocates in response to the beats of the rivet gun.

Bucking Bar

early form of blind rivet. It cannot replace solid shank rivets size for size and must be at least one size larger in diameter. Center stem is one of its drawback

Cherry friction-lock rivet

designed to prevent the center stem of a rivet from falling out via lock ring as a result of vibration encountered during aircraft operation

Mechanical Lock Rivets

first mechanical lock rivet; limited to aircraft manufacturers and large repair facility

Huck-Lock

requires a special pulling tool per size and head shape.

bulbed CherryLOCK

lightweight, spindle-type blind rivet; less expensive, only 3 installation tools are required

Olympic-Lok

economical and replaces solid shank rivets size for size; installed by a one size puller for all sizes.

CherryMAX

4 types of mechlocktype rivets

Huck-Lock, Bulbed CherryLOCK, OlympicLOK, CherryMAX

high strength and light weight fastener that can be used in place of conventional AN bolts and nuts. Held in place by a collar, squeezed into position instead of being screwed on like a nut.

Special Fasteners

for both shear and tension applications

Lock Bolts

withstand bearing and shearing loads

Hi-Lok Bolts

excellent strength to weight ratio; lighter

Hi Lite Fastener

one piece fastener made of 2 titanium alloys

CherryBuck

strongest; creates radial and vertical compression

TaperLok

has a bead at the threaded end; preloads the hole to strengthen the joint

Hi Tigue Fastener

threaded rivets; attach rubber deicer boots to aircraft wing and tail surfaces

Rivnuts

secure inspection plates, doors cowlings and other removable panels on aircraft. Ex. Dzus Fastener

Turn-lock Fasteners

unlike rivets and pins, these may be disassembled and reassembled an almost infinite number of times.

Threaded Fasteners

4 classifications of threads

American National Coarse (NC) American National Fine (NF) American Standard Unified Coarse (UNC) American Standard Unified Fine (UNF)

designated by the number of times the incline (threads) rotates around a _____ inch length of given diameter bolt or screw. (Thread Designation)

Class 1

loose fit – fingers only – wing nuts

Class 2

free fit - screws

Class 3

medium fit – aircraft bolts

Class 4

close fit – requires wrench

Class 5

tight fit - requires wrench

The hole is larger than the shaft, enabling the two parts to slide and / or rotate when assembled.

Clearance Fit

The hole is fractionally smaller than the shaft and mild force is required to assemble / disassemble

Transition Fit

The hole is smaller than the shaft and high force and / or heat is required to assemble / disassemble

Interference Fit

Fastener Diameter

1/16 inch increment

Fastener Length

1/8 inch increment (1/8 – 7/8 only)

Letter “H” after the number indicating the diameter

drilled head

Letter “A” after the dash number

undrilled shank

Why head is drilled

for safetying

AN73 to AN81 similar to the standard hex bolt, but has a deeper head that is drilled to receive wire for safetying. Letter “A” before the dash number – coarse threaded

Drilled Head Bolt

AN173 to AN186 – Hex head NAS80 to NAS86 – Countersunk head Identified by a cross or asterisk inside a triangle used in areas that are subject to pounding loads or in a structure that is required to be both riveted and bolted.

Close Tolerance Bolt

AN21 to AN36 Domed head that is either slotted or recessed; mostly safetied with a cotter pin Shorter threaded shank, thus longer grip length Both diameter and length are measured in 1/16 in increment applications requiring shear loads only; control cables

Clevis Bolts

A sort of locking device is a must to prevent nuts from loosening and falling off.

Aircraft Nuts

two basic types of nuts

self locking nuts, non self locking nuts

locks onto a bolt on its own

self locking nuts

relies on either a cotter pin, check nut, or lock washer to hold it in place.

non self locking nuts

Code of Castle Nut

AN310

Code of Shear Castle Nut

AN320

Code of Plain Nut

AN315

2 types of self locking nuts

Fiber or Nylon Type / All metal type

3 types of other aircraft nuts

Wing Nut, Anchor Nut, Tinnerman Nut

made of lower strength materials compared to bolts loose-fitting thread; class 2 fit head shapes are made to engage a screwdriver or wrench

Aircraft Screws

3 Basic Classification of aircraft screws

Machine Screw, Self tapping screw, Structural Screw

used in shear applications and for safetying

Aircraft Pins

4 types of aircraft pins

Roll, Clevis, Cotter, Taper

provide a bearing surface area for nuts act as spacers shims to obtain the proper grip length for a bolt and nut assembly

Aircraft Washers

strong and light weight, and its flexibility makes it easy to route. actuate flight controls, engine controls, emergency landing gear extension controls and trim tab systems.

Aircraft Control Cables

develop 75% of the cable strength Ex. Army-Navy 5 tuck splice / Roebling roll

Woven Splices

used most in large aircraft manufacture. At least as strong as the cable

Swaged Terminals

squeezed onto control cables to form terminal ends, and place AN100 thimble inside the loop. At least the same strength of the cable.

Nicopress Sleeves

allows cable tension to be adjusted.by rotating it.

Turnbuckle

prevents cable contact to other parts of the aircraft

Fairlead

changes direction of travel

Pulley

changes motion through an angle; Ex. rudder mechanism

Bellcrank

AMCR MIDTERMS Flashcards

(115 cards)