MIDTERM2 > Amputation (inc.) > Flashcards

Amputation (inc.) Flashcards

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1
Q

Amputation through/ at level of joint

A

Disarticulation

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2
Q

Removal of an extremity or appendage from the body.

Acquired condition that results in the loss of the limb from injury, dse, or surgery

A

Amputation

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3
Q

MC cause of amputation in UE

A

Trauma

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4
Q

Cause of amputation (2)

A
  • Congenital limb deficiency
  • Acquired or Surgical Amputations
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5
Q

MC cause of amputation in LE

A

Vascular Insufficiency

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6
Q

About Congenital Limb Deficiency (4)

A
  • Excessive exposure radiation
  • Largely Unknown
  • Genesis of limb deficiency MC@ 1st trimester
  • D/t teratogenic agents
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7
Q

MC congenital limb deficiency in UE

A

(L) Terminal transradial deficiency

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8
Q

MC congenital limb deficiency in LE

A

(B) Fibular longitudinal deficiency
born s fibula

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9
Q

Mesodermal formation of the limb (duration)

A

26th day of gestation until 8 weeks

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10
Q

MC risk factors of congenital limb deficiency (2)

A
  • Maternal Diabetes
  • Thalidomide
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11
Q

What’s a common sign of pregnancy during 1st trimester?

A

morning sickness

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12
Q

Congenital Constricting Band Syndrome AKA? (4)

A
  • Streeter Syndrome
  • Ambiotic Band Syndrome
  • Intrauterine Amputation
  • Constricting Rings

SAbI CR

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13
Q

What happens to the tissues in Constricting rings?

A

Subcutaneous -> Hyperplastic Collagenous & elastic tissue

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14
Q

Constricting annular bands in Streeter Syndrome

A

Does not extend to the deep fascia but in some cases it extend up to periosteoum

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15
Q

Amputation common in fingers & toes

A

Intrauterine Amputation

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16
Q

Why does constricting ring commonly lead to finger and toe amputation

A

Amniotic sac spindles rupture -> wraps around limb
= “Torniquet?”
= Necrotized limb

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17
Q

Cause of Amniotic Band Syndrome

A

PROBABLY from prenatal environment that produces mesenchymal defect or rupture of the amnion

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18
Q

What Amputation is done which has indication of (+) Gangrene

A

Acquired/Surgical Amputation

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19
Q

Causes of Acquired Amputation? 4 + MC in UE & LE

A

@LE - PVD
@ UE - Trauma
+ tumor
+ Infection
+ Thermal/Electrical/
Chemical Injury
+ Congenital defects

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20
Q

Selection of Amputation Level (6)

A
  • Prosthesis option
  • Gait dynamics
  • Cosmesis
  • Objective
  • Biomechanics of Resdiual Limb
  • Tissue viability

PGCOBioT > odrlv “orderly”

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21
Q

Shorter Resdiual limb =

A

better control of Prosthesis

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22
Q

what type of amptution is MC @ LE?

A

Transtibial Amputation

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23
Q

Transtibial Amputation AKA

A

Below knee amputation (BKA)

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24
Q

Min. required measurement of residual limb for BKA?

A

2.5 inches

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25
What is done to create a stable, weight bearing limb for transtibial amp?
Distal tibiofibular synostosis | Pinako
26
Goal of long posterior flap?
To replenish good blood circulation
27
What Amputation does NOT tolerate total end weight bearing?
Tranfemoral Amputation
28
Transfermoral Amputation AKA
Above knee amputation (AKA)
29
What flap is done for AKA and is also MC @ UE
Equal ant and post flap
30
What mm does AKA transect? (3)
- Adductor Magnus from adductor tubercle - Smaller muscles 1 to 2 inches longer that bone cut - Quads prox to patella | SAdd aQ ah "Sad ako"
31
Amputation of both lower limb & pelvis below L4-L5 level
Translumbar Amputation
32
Translumbar Amputation AKA
Hemicorporectomy
33
Hemicorporectomy is done to patients c? (#)
- Pelvic Malignancy - Intractable decubitus ulcers - infection or trauma | PIIT PM IN DCU IT
34
Where is melignancy MC?
Pelvis
35
Where is ulcer MC?
Sacrum
36
Will rectum and bladder be removed in hemicorporectomy?
yes
37
Categories of Amputation (3)
Closed Open Guillotine | COG
38
MC category of amp
Closed | Applied to all amp eventually
39
What condition/ dse is commonly related to Close amputation
Arterial dse
40
What is done in skin flaps for primary closure (surtured) in closed amp?
SHAPED
41
Category of Amp done for wound and infection observation
Open | left open to check for infection
42
Amp done for sudden/emergency?
Guillotine | quick control of infection
43
Amp for vascular dse is generally consider an
elective procedure
44
Surgeon determines level of amp by examining tissue viability through a variety of____ (3)
- Doppler systolic BP measurement - Radiosotope/ plethysmography - Arteiography | DRA Dra. = Doktora
45
What are skin flaps?
HEALTHY SKIN & tissue that is partly detached and moved to cover a nearby wound
45
Skin flaps (1) and its scar (3) should be?
- Skin flaps should be broad as possibe - The SCAR should be: pliable, painless and non-adherent
46
What is achieved by ligating major veins and arteries?
hemostasis
47
What is used only for small bleeders?
Cauterization | Heat is used to burn and destroy tissue to stop bleeding
48
Surgical procedure for bones
Bones are sectioned at length to allow wound closure s excessive redundant tissue at the end of RL and " s placing the incision under great tension
49
Surgical procedure for SHARP bones
ends are smoother and rounded
50
Surgical procedure for Traumatic amputation
The surgeon attempts to save as much bone length and viable skin as possible and preserve prox jts. | Traumtic amp common for longer bone
51
Shape of Transtibial amp stump
Cylindrical
52
Standard Flap in Transtibial Amp
Post. Flap
53
About Transtibial Amp stump (2)
- Tolerates total contact type fit - More durable
54
Surgical procedure for mm stab: Transtibial Amp (4)
Achieved by: 1. Myofascial Closure (mm to fascia closure) 2. Myopplasty (mm to mm closure) 3. Myodesis (mm attached to periosteum of bone) 4. Tenodesis (tendon attached to bone)
55
Procedure for End weight bearing amputation
Osteomyoplasty
56
Osteomyoplasty AKA
Ertl method/Procedure
57
C/I for Ertl procedure (3)
- PVD d/t healing process - Vascular: DM - Geria
58
Closed amputation Techniques (2)
Burgess Fishmouth
59
About Burgess technique (3)
- Classic tech. - Long post flap - DYSVASCULAR Transtibial amp
60
About Fishmout tech. (2/3)
- Has equal ant. & post flap - Can ba applied to TRANSFEMORAL & - NON-DYSVASCULAR Transtibial amp
61
About Skew Flaps (2)
- Angular medial - lateral incison - Places the scar away from the bony prominence
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