FACTISA
Form (what type of article is it?)
Author (who wrote it?)
Contention (author’s main argument)
Tone (mood used by author)
Issue (background info)
Source (where is the piece published)
Audience (who is targeted to read it)
ASPEE/PEE
Argument
Structure
Persuasive techniques
Effect
Exploration
Ad hominem attack
Belittling and individual or group.
Alliteration
Repetition of a consonant at the start of words.
Analogy
Comparison between two things - leads audience to draw conclusions based on the similarities.
Anecdote
Short story - gives entertainment.
Appeal to a sense of justice
Plays on the belief that we all have the right to be treated fairly.
Appeal to authority
Uses opinion of authority figure or an expert to impress the audience.
Appeal to common sense
Obvious everyday knowledge.
Appeal to family values
Suggests that traditional family life provides the essential values for a healthy, stable society.
Appeal to fear and insecurity
People’s safety and freedom are at risk - exaggerates a situation as ‘worst-case scenario’.
Appeal to financial self-interest
Our financial well-being is under threat because we are being over-charged.
Appeal to loyalty and patriotism
Assumes a commitment to the group and a love of one’s country.
Appeal to tradition and custom
Sense of security based on the belief that rituals and traditions are valuable and should be preserved.
Cliche
Overused phrase for a wide range of readers to quickly understand.
Connotations and loaded words
Meanings associated with or implied by words, as opposed to literal or ‘dictionary’ meanings.
Emotive language
Deliberate use of strong words and phrases to arouse the reader’s feelings.
Evidence (facts and statistics)
Use of facts and figures to support the writer’s piece.
Exaggeration/hyperbole
Presents an extreme view of a situation to make it dramatic - provokes emotional response.
Generalisation
Sweeping statement that suggests what is true for some is true for all.
Inclusive language
We, our, us - includes the reader to have an assumption everyone’s views matter.
Irony
Literal meaning is opposite of intended meaning.
Metaphor and simile
Compare two different things, implying a similarity. Simile uses ‘like’ or ‘as’.
Pun
A word that can suggest multiple meanings - ‘bombers’ is a footy team but also WWII aircraft.
