ANAPHY

Question 1

One or more cells that secretes a particular product

Answer 1

Gland

Question 2

2 major types of glands

Answer 2

Endocrine gland

Exocrine gland

Question 3

Endocrine gland characteristics

Answer 3

• ductless

- secretions are hormones

Question 4

Exocrine gland characteristics

Answer 4

• empty through ducts to the epithelial surface

- includes sweat and oil glands

Question 5

• found everywhere in the body

- includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues

Answer 5

Connective tissue

Question 6

Function of connective tissues

Answer 6

• binds body tissues tgt
• supports the body
• provides protection

Question 7

Characteristics of connective tissues

Answer 7

• variations in blood supply: some tissue types are well vascularized; some are avascular
• extracellular matrix: non-living material that surrounds living cells

Question 8

2 main elements of extracellular matrix

Answer 8

Ground substance

Fibers

Question 9

What are ground substances?

Answer 9

It is mostly water along with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules

Question 10

What are fibers?

Answer 10

• produced by cells

Question 11

3 types of fibers

Answer 11

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

Question 12

What type of tissues are bones?

Answer 12

Osseous tissue

Question 13

Bones are composed of:

Answer 13

• bone cells in lacunae (cavities)
• hard matrix of calcium salts
• large numbers of collagen fibers

Question 14

Function of bones:

Answer 14

Used to protect and support the body

Question 15

Most common cartilage

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage

Question 16

Hyaline cartilages are composd of:

Answer 16

• abundant collagen fibers

- rubbery matrix

Question 17

Example of hyaline cartilage

Answer 17

Entire fetal skeleton

Question 18

Function of elastic cartilage:

Answer 18

Provides elasticity

Question 19

Example of elastic cartilage

Answer 19

Supports the external ear

Question 20

Fibrocartilage characteristics

Answer 20

Highly compressible

Question 21

Example of fibrocartilage:

Answer 21

Forms cushion-like discs between vertebrae

Question 22

Why is forming cushion-like discs between vertebrae important?

Answer 22

Because it allows you to absorb impact and maintain height

Question 23

Characteristics of dense connective tissues:

Answer 23

• main matrix element is collagen fibers

- cells are fibroblasts

Question 24

Examples of dense connective tissues

Answer 24

• tendon (attach muscle to bone)

- ligaments (attach bone to bone)

Question 25

Characteristics of areolar connective tissue

Answer 25

- most widely distributed connective tissue - soft, pliable tissue - contains all fiber types - can soak up excess fluid

Question 26

Characteristics of adipose tissue

Answer 26

- matrix is areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate | - many cells contain large lipid deposits

Question 27

Function of adipose tissues

Answer 27

- insulates the body - protects some organs - serve as a site of fuel storage

Question 28

Delicate network of interwoven fibers

Answer 28

Reticular connective tissue

Question 29

Reticular connective tissue forms...

Answer 29

Stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs

Question 30

Types of lymphoid organs

Answer 30

Lymph nodes Spleen Bone marrow

Question 31

Characteristics of blood

Answer 31

- blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix | - fibers are visible during clotting

Question 32

Function of blood

Answer 32

Transport vehicle for materials

Question 33

Function of muscle tissue

Answer 33

Produce movement

Question 34

3 types of muscle tissues

Answer 34

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Question 35

Characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 35

- controlled voluntarily - cells attach to connective tissue - cells are striated - multi nucleated

Question 36

Characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 36

- found only in the heart - cells attached to other cardiac muscle cells at intercalated disks - cells are striated - mono nucleated

Question 37

Function of cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 37

To plump blood

Question 38

Characteristics of smooth muscle tissue

Answer 38

- involuntary - surrounds hollow organs - attached to other smooth muscle cells - no visible striations - mono nucleated

Question 39

Neurons and nerve support cells

Answer 39

Nervous tissue

Question 40

Function of nervous tissue

Answer 40

- Send impulses to other area of the body: irritability (cell is able to respond to stimuli) & conductivity (able to conduct/transfer signal to another neuron)

Question 41

Replacement of detsroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

Answer 41

Regeneration

Question 42

Repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue)

Answer 42

Fibrosis

Question 43

Determination of method in tissue repair

Answer 43

- type of tissue damaged | - severity of the injury

Question 44

Events in tissue repair

Answer 44

- capillaries become very permeable: introduce clotting proteins and wall off injured area - formation of granulation tissue - regeneration of surface epithelium

Question 45

Tissues that regenerate easily

Answer 45

- epithelial tissues | - fibrous connective tissue and bone

Question 46

Tissues that regenerate poorly

Answer 46

Skeletal muscle

Question 47

Tissues that are replaced largely with scar tissue

Answer 47

- Cardiac muscle | - Nervous tissue within the brain and spinal cord

Question 48

Epithelial tissues arise from?

Answer 48

All 3 primary types of germ layers

Question 49

Muscle and connective tissue arise from?

Answer 49

The mesoderm

Question 50

Nervous tissue arises from?

Answer 50

The ectoderm

Question 51

With old age there is a...

Answer 51

Decrease in mass and viability in most tissues