Anaphylaxis

Question 1

Define anaphylaxis

Answer 1

severe life threatening generalised or systemic hypersensitivity reaction.

Question 2

what are common allergens?

Answer 2

o	Drugs (e.g. penicillin) 
o	Latex  
o	Food (shellfish or nuts) most common in kids 
o	Venom (e.g. Wasp sting)

Question 3

presenting signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis ?

Answer 3

• Generalised pruritis
• Generalised oedema
• Widespread erythematous or urticarial rash
• Swelling of the throat and tongue
• Hoarse voice
• Stridor
• Respiratory wheeze and dyspnoea
• Hypotension (syncope)
• Tachycardia

Question 4

investigations?

Answer 4

• initially clinical diagnosis

- Serum tryptase can be measured afterwards to check for true attack

Question 5

main management for adults`?

Answer 5

• Inject 500 micrograms IM Adrenaline 1:1000

- Repeat at 5 minute intervals.

Question 6

where should the injection be given?

Answer 6

anterolateral aspect of the middle third of the thigh.

Question 7

accompanying management for adults?

Answer 7

• Give slow 10mg Chlorpheniramine (antihistamine)

* Give slow 200mg Hydrocortisone