2 sections of nose
nasal vestibule
nasal cavity
nasal vestibule features
simple squamous epithelium
keritonised -> non keritonized, deep
4 sections of nasal cavity
spheno ethmoidal recess
superior conchae
middle conchae
inferior conchae
3 cartilage protrusions into nasal cavity
inferior/middle/ superior meatus
Spheno-ethmoidal recess histology
olfactory epithelium + receptors
function of nasal conchae
turbulates air
better warming + moistening
Histology of nasal pharynx
- resp. epithelium + goblet cells
respiratory epithelium
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
cranial b=nerve responsible for sneezing
CN V (trigeminal)
- part 1 anteriorly
- part 2 posteriorly
Nasopharynx cough receptors
glossopharyngeal nerve
- CN IX
Glossopharyngeal nerve pathway
- jugular foramen
surface of carotid sheath
Oral pharynx histology
simple squamous epithelium
- more resilient to damage (food bolus)
Larygeal pharynx cough receptors
Cranial nerve X
- vagus nerve
jugular foramen
within carotid sheath
Cartilage in larynx
thyroid cartilage circoid cartilage epiglottis Arytenoid cartilage corniculate cartilage cuneiform cartilage
Features of thyroid bone
- suspended by hyoid bone
thyrohyoid membrane - forms laryngeal prominence
- epiglottis attachment
location of arytenoid cartilage
superior to posterior aspect circoid, inferior to corniculate
Features of corniculate cartilage
Quadrangle muscle acts on it, moves circoid cartilage
- determines rima glottides size
Trachea originates + bifurcates
Originates - C6
Bifurcates - T4
(sternal angle)
Tracheal deviation features
tension pneumothorax
- urgent aspiration, mid clavicular line 2nd intercostal space
Contents of Hilum
bronchus, pulmonary artery + bronchial artery, pulmonary veins, neurones
Order of hilum
artery = superior + posterior (anterior - left lung) bronchus superior + anterior Veins = inferior Nerves = middle
3 parts to sternum
manubrium, sternal body, xiphoid process
true ribs
1-7
false ribs
8-10
