Anatomy final

Question 1

Fibular head attachments: (3)

Answer 1

TFL, LCL, bicep femoris

Question 2

Facets in the patella

Answer 2

5

odd, 2 medial, 2 lateral

Question 3

Forces on the patella

Answer 3

Medial (VMO, raised lateral facet of the intercondylar groove, medial patellar retinacular fibers) Lateral (IT band, bowstringing force on the patella, lateral patellar retinacular fibers)

Question 4

Lateral meniscus shape

Answer 4

oval

Question 5

medial meniscus shape

Answer 5

C

Question 6

Tibia rotates ____ when it gets close to terminal extension (____ chain)

Answer 6

externally; open chain

Question 7

Femur rotates ____ when it gets close to terminal extension (____ chain)

Answer 7

internally; closed chain

Question 8

Femoral artery passes through that the _________ and becomes ______

Answer 8

adductor hiatus ; popliteal artery

Question 9

Patellar tendon reflex level

Answer 9

L4

Question 10

Calcaneal tendon reflex level

Answer 10

S1

Question 11

Hip flexion
Knee extension
Ankle DF
Hip extension
Knee flexion
Ankle PF
(levels)

Answer 11

L1-2
L3-4
L4-5
L5-S2
L5-S2
S1-2

Question 12

Coxa vara= genu ____

Answer 12

valgum

Question 13

coxa valga= genu ___

Answer 13

varum

Question 14

Genu valgum

Answer 14

stretches the MCL and compression of the lateral compartment; pronation of the foot

Question 15

Genu Varum

Answer 15

compression forces on the medial compartment; stretches the LCL; supination

Question 16

the only capsular ligament

Answer 16

MCL

Question 17

Tibia is ___(convex or concave) and ___ increases this

Answer 17

concave; meniscus

Question 18

Dorsiflexion

Answer 18

EDL, EHL, TA

Question 19

Plantar flexion

Answer 19

gastro, soleus, plantaris, TP, FDL, FHL, PL, PB

Question 20

Eversion

Answer 20

EDL, PT, PL, PB

Question 21

Inversion

Answer 21

EHL, TA, TP

Question 22

LCL attachments

Answer 22

lateral epicondyle and fibular head

Question 23

MCL attachments

Answer 23

medial epicondyle and medial surface of the tibia

Question 24

oblique popliteal ligament is a continuation of the ……

Answer 24

Semimembranosus

Question 25

ACL attachment

Answer 25

attached to the inner surface of the lateral femoral condyle and the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia

Question 26

ACL (info)

Answer 26

is taut in full extension; prevents anterior displacement of the tibia

Question 27

PCL attachment

Answer 27

attached to the inner surface of the medial femoral condyle and the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia

Question 28

PCL (info)

Answer 28

is taut during flexion; prevents posterior displacement of the tibia

Question 29

To unlock the knee to permit flexion from the locked position, the femur must rotate ______ on the tibia (or the tibia rotate ______).

Answer 29

laterally; medially

Question 30

the muscle to aid in the unlocking of knee extension

Answer 30

popliteus

Question 31

Compare the strength of knee flexion with the ankle dorsiflexed and plantarflexed. Why would you expect a difference?

Answer 31

The gastrocnemius, a knee flexor, is weaker (on slack) with the ankle plantarflexed. This position could be utilized if you wish to test the hamstrings while minimizing the effect of the gastrocnemius.

Question 32

Test the strength of your partner's quadriceps in the sitting position. Compare the strength when the hip is flexed (when your partner sits leaning forward) or extended. Why could there be a difference?

Answer 32

With the hip flexed, the rectus femoris is put on slack, and is therefore in a weaker position.

Question 33

Genu recurvatum increases....

Answer 33

lumbar lordosis

Question 34

Meniscus

Answer 34

increase the shock absorption | triple the contact surface area

Question 35

talocrucal joint (artho)

Answer 35

tibia, fibula, and talus concave tib/fib convex talus

Question 36

closed chain pronation

Answer 36

eversion (calcaneus), adduction (talus), plantar flexion (talus), flexion of knee (stable forefoot)

Question 37

closed chain supination

Answer 37

inversion (calcaneus), abduction (talus), dorsiflexion (talus), extension of knee (stable forefoot)

Question 38

open chain pronation

Answer 38

eversion (calcaneus), abduction (forefoot), doriflexion (forefoot) (stable talus)

Question 39

open chain supination

Answer 39

inversion (calcaneus), adduction (forefoot), plantar flexion (forefoot) (stable talus)

Question 40

pronation and supination are in the ____ axis

Answer 40

oblique

Question 41

eversion and inversion are in the ___ axis

Answer 41

AP

Question 42

abduction and adduction are in the ___ axis

Answer 42

vertical

Question 43

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are in the ___ axis

Answer 43

ML

Question 44

forefoot:

Answer 44

the metatarsal, phalanges, and their joints

Question 45

Midfoot:

Answer 45

the cuneiforms, navicular, cuboids, and transverse tarsal joints

Question 46

Hindfoot:

Answer 46

talus and calcaneous

Question 47

lateral ankle sprain (number of ligaments)

Answer 47

1) AFTL 2) CFL 3) PFTL

Question 48

tibial nerve divides into __________ inferior to the ______

Answer 48

medial and lateral plantar N; medial malleolus

Question 49

Tarsal tunnel

Answer 49

tibial N, posterior artery, FDL, FHL, TP; beneath the flexor retinaculum posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 50

Hallux Valgus

Answer 50

Bunion | displacement of the 1st MTP join by the displacement of the flexor and extensor tendors

Question 51

Great saphenous vein (N)

Answer 51

Saphenous N

Question 52

Small saphenous vein (N)

Answer 52

sural N, cutaneous branch of tibial N and common peroneal N

Question 53

anterior tibial artery (N)

Answer 53

deep peroneal N

Question 54

posterior tibial artery (N)

Answer 54

tibial N

Question 55

Hallux limitus

Answer 55

less than functional great toe ext

Question 56

hallux rigidius

Answer 56

less than 10* of great toe extension

Question 57

pes plantus (2 types)

Answer 57

rigid or flexible

Question 58

pes plantus- rigid

Answer 58

always present (non-weight bearing and weight bearing)

Question 59

pes plantus- flexible

Answer 59

deformity will change; is present in weight bearing, but not in non-weight bearing

Question 60

What nerve supplies the skin over the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 60

Superficial peroneal N

Question 61

What nerve innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 61

Tibial N

Question 62

What is the nerve that extends the toes?

Answer 62

Deep Peroneal N

Question 63

What nerve supplies the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 63

Superficial Peroneal N

Question 64

A0 and A1 (artho)

Answer 64

A0 is convex on a A1 concave