Ankle

Question 1

Name of syndrome that causes loose joints

Answer 1

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Question 2

Connects muscles to bones?
Provides help with what?

Answer 2

Tendons
Movement

Question 3

Connects bone to bone?
Provides help with what?

Answer 3

Ligaments
Stability

Question 4

Name peroneal tendons and where are they located?

Answer 4

Peroneal brevis
Peroneal longus
Located behind lateral malleolus

Question 5

What does CFL stand for and what bones does it connect to?

Answer 5

Calcaneofibular ligament
Connects fibula at lateral malleolus to the calcaneus

Question 6

Name of ankle bone?
Name of heel bone?

Answer 6

Talus
Calcaneus

Question 7

Name of Y-shaped band of connective tissues on front of ankle?
What does it do?

Answer 7

Inferior Extensor Retinaculum
Helps stabilize extensor tendons

Question 8

What do the extensor tendons do?

Answer 8

Help lift toes

Question 9

What does the IER attach to?

Answer 9

Base of Y attaches to calcaneus. Arms of Y to medial malleolus and medial plantar aponeurosis (bottom of foot)

Question 10

Where is the Sinus Tarsi located?

Answer 10

Between talus and calcaneus in the subtlalar joint

Question 11

Name of structure in subtalar joint that houses ligaments, blood vessels, nerves and fat

Answer 11

Sinus tarsi

Question 12

Name of joint between talus and calcaneus

Answer 12

Subtalar joint

Question 13

What makes up the lateral ligament complex?

Answer 13

CFL
ATFL
PTFL

Question 14

What does ATFL stand for?
What bones does it connect?

Answer 14

Anterior Talofibular Ligament
Connects fibula to talus

Question 15

What is the most commonly injured ligament in ankle?
Second most commonly?

Answer 15

ATFL
CFL

Question 16

What does PTFL stand for?
What bones does it connect?

Answer 16

Posterior Talofibular Ligament
Fibula (lateral malleolus) to posterior talus

Question 17

Which is the strongest lateral ankle ligament?

Answer 17

PTFL

Question 18

Name the extensor tendons

Answer 18

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis digitorum
Extensor hallucis longus

Question 19

Name the extensor tendons

Answer 19

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis digitorum
Extensor hallucis longus

Question 20

What ligament is located deep to the peroneal tendons?

Answer 20

CFL

Question 21

ATFL, CFL, and PTFL make up what?

Answer 21

Lateral ankle complex

Question 22

Surgical procedure used for chronic instability in ATFL and CFL

Answer 22

Brostrom procedure

Question 23

Modification of procedure used for chronic lateral ankle instability?
Name and difference?

Answer 23

Modified Brostrom-Gould incorporates Inferior Extensor Retinaculum into repair

Question 24

Fibrous membrane that covers outer surfaces of almost all bones.

Answer 24

Periosteum

Question 25

Lateral ankle ligaments names all named in what way?

Answer 25

All end at origin point - fibular

Question 26

This binds together tibia and fibia

Answer 26

Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis

Question 27

Ligaments that are affected in a high ankle sprain

Answer 27

Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (AITFL) Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament PITFL

Question 28

What ligaments make up the Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis?

Answer 28

1. Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (AITFL) 2. Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (PITFL) 3. Inferior Transverse Ligament (ITL) 4. Interosseous Ligament (IOL)

Question 29

What does brevis mean?

Answer 29

Short

Question 30

Joint between leg and foot

Answer 30

Tibiotalar Joint or Talocrural Joint

Question 31

What does crural mean?

Answer 31

Leg

Question 32

Movement of foot upwards

Answer 32

Dorsiflexion

Question 33

Movement of foot downwards

Answer 33

Plantar flexion

Question 34

Main joint that moves during inversion and eversion

Answer 34

Subtalar Joint

Question 35

Bending foot in medially

Answer 35

Inversion

Question 36

Bending foot out laterally

Answer 36

Eversion

Question 37

All medial ligaments start with what and end with what?

Answer 37

Start with Tibio End with Fibular

Question 38

Name of four ligaments that stabilize talocrural joint

Answer 38

Deltoid Ligament

Question 39

What does deltoid mean?

Answer 39

Triangular

Question 40

Where do the four deltoid ligaments attach?

Answer 40

Medial malleolus

Question 41

What are the deltoid ligaments also known as?

Answer 41

MCL of ankle joint. Medial collateral ligament

Question 42

Name the deltoid ligaments

Answer 42

1. Anterior Tibiotalar Ligament 2. Posterior Tibiotalar Ligament 3. Tibiocalcaneal Ligament 4. Tibionavicular Ligament

Question 43

Acronyms for four deltoid ligaments

Answer 43

ATTL PTTL TCL TNL

Question 44

How many ligaments in lateral ankle complex? How many in medial collateral ligaments?

Answer 44

3 4

Question 45

Bony projection on medial side of calcaneus?

Answer 45

Sustentaculum

Question 46

Three ligaments that connect to the sustentaculum?

Answer 46

1. Tibiocalcaneal ligament TCL 2. Medial Talocalcaneal Ligament 3. Spring Ligament

Question 47

What is the name of the ligaments that attaches the calcaneus to navicular?

Answer 47

Spring Ligaments

Question 48

Another name for spring ligaments?

Answer 48

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligaments

Question 49

What do the spring ligaments do?

Answer 49

Support medial arch of foot

Question 50

Name three spring ligaments

Answer 50

1. Superomedial 2. Medioplantar 3. Inferoplantar

Question 51

Which spring ligament attaches to sustentaculum?

Answer 51

Superomedial

Question 52

What makes up the distal Tibiofibular syndesmosis

Answer 52

1. Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament AITFL 2. Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament PITFL 3. Inferior Transverse Ligament ITL 4. Interosseous Ligament IOL

Question 53

Binds together tibia and fibula

Answer 53

Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis

Question 54

Two main joints of ankle

Answer 54

1. Talocrural or Tibiotalor joint 2. Subtalar Joint