KIN 311 > Anthropometry > Flashcards

Anthropometry Flashcards

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1
Q

Anthropometry:

A
  • science that deals with measurement of size, weight and proportion of the body
  • eg. BMI, somatotyping, waist/hip ratios or body typing
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2
Q

Weight bias:

A
  • any preconceived notions you may have about an individual based on how they look
  • the (active or passive) formation unreasonable judgements based on a person’s weight
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3
Q

Examples of weight bias:

A
  • Assumptions about diet
  • Assumptions about activity patterns
  • Uncomfortable with less clothes
  • Assumption that skinny = eating disorder
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4
Q

Stigma:

A

the social implication carried by a person who is a victim of prejudice and weight bias

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5
Q

2 tools to assess your own potential weight bias:

A
  • BAOP

- ATOPS

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6
Q

BAOP:

A

Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale

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7
Q

ATOPS:

A

Attitudes Towards Obese Persons Scale

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8
Q

Desirable terms to refer to body weight:

A
  • weight
  • excess weight
  • BMI
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9
Q

Undesirable terms to refer to body weight:

A
  • fatness
  • heaviness
  • excess fat
  • unhealthy BMI
  • unhealthy body weight
  • large size
  • weight problem
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10
Q

Considerations for assessing individuals with excess weight:

A
  • private space for assessments
  • large size gowns
  • sturdy armless chairs
  • large and extra large adult and thigh blood pressure cuffs
  • wide based scale that measures > 350 lbs
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11
Q

Ensure that weighing procedures take place in a _____ location that protects _____ of individuals.

A
  • private

- confidentiality

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12
Q

Record the individual’s weight without ____ or _____. -

A
  • judgement

- comments

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13
Q

Offer individual the choice of not _____ the results if they prefer.

A

seeing

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14
Q

If an individual has a BMI > 30 (classified as obese), do not include….

A

skin-folds in assessment

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15
Q

Equipment to measure height:

A

stadiometer

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16
Q

Height is measured to the nearest ____.

A

0.5 cm

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17
Q

1 cm = ____ inches

A

0.394 inches

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18
Q

1 inch = _____ cm

A

2.54 cm

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19
Q

1 m = _____ ft

A

3.28 cm

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20
Q

1 foot = ____ cm

A

30.5 cm

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21
Q

Equipment to measure weight:

A

scale (calibrated)

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22
Q

Weight is measured to the nearest _____.

A

0.1 kg

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23
Q

1 kg = ____ lbs

A

2.20 lbs

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24
Q

1 lb = ____ kg

A

0.454 kg

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25
1 g = _____ oz
0.035 oz
26
1 oz = ____ g
28 g
27
BMI =
body mass (kg)/height (m)^2
28
BMI is ____ independent and same for both ____.
- age | - sexes
29
BMI is reasonable for use in ____ _____ and in _____ _____.
- health screening | - large populations
30
Underweight: BMI:
< 18.50 kg/m^2
31
Normal range: BMI:
18.50-24.99 kg/m^2
32
Overweight: BMI:
> or equal to 25.00 kg/m^2
33
Obese: BMI:
> or equal to 30.00 kg/m^2
34
BMI may be useful for categorizing ___ ____, but does not indicate ____ ____.
- health risk | - current health
35
Need separate assessment (other than BMI) to determine ____ ____ and need for/type of _____.
- current health | - intervention
36
Obese class 1:
30.00-34.99 kg/m^2
37
Obese class 2:
35.00-39.99 kg/m^2
38
Obese class 3:
> or equal to 40.00 kg/m^2
39
EOSS =
Edmonton Obesity Staging System
40
Stage 0 of EOSS:
- no sign of obesity-related risk factors - no physical symptoms - no psychological symptoms - no functional limitations
41
Stage 1 of EOSS:
- patient has obesity-related subclinical risk factors - mild physical symptoms (currently not requiring medical treatment for comorbidities) - mild obesity-related psychological symptoms and/or mild impairment of well-being
42
Subclinical risk factors:
- borderline hypertension - impaired fasting glucose - elevated liver enzymes
43
Stage 0 and stage 1 obesity of EOSS:
- patient does not meet clinical criteria for admission | - refer to primary care for further preventative treatment options
44
Stage 2 of EOSS;
- patient has established obesity-related comorbidities requiring medical intervention - moderate obesity-related psychological symptoms - moderate functional limitations in daily activities
45
Stage 3 of EOSS:
- patient has significant obesity-related end-organ damage - significant obesity-related psychological symptoms - significant functional limitations - significant impairment of well-being
46
Stage 4 of EOSS:
- severe (potential end stage) from obesity-related comorbidities - severely disabling psychological symptoms - severe functional limitations
47
WHO classification: obese class I:
30-34.9 kg/m^2
48
WHO classification: obese class II:
35-39.9 kg/m^2
49
WHO classification: obese class III:
> or equal to 40 kg/m^2
50
Identify class and stage: physically active female with a BMI of 32 kg/m^2, no risk factors, no physical symptoms, no self-esteem issues, and no functional limitations.
- class I WHO | - stage 0 EOSS
51
Identify class and stage: 32 year old male with a BMI of 36 kg/m^2 who has primary hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea.
- class II WHO | - stage 2 EOSS
52
Identify class and stage: 38 year old female with a BMI of 59.2 kg/m^2, borderline hypertension, mild lower back pain, and knee pain. Patient does not require any medical intervention.
- class III WHO | - stage 1 EOSS
53
Identify class and stage: 45 year old female with a BMI of 54 kg/m^2 who is in a wheel chair because of disabling arthritis, severe hyperpnea, and anxiety disorder.
- class III WHO | - stage 4 EOSS
54
Identify class and stage: 49 year old female with a BMI of 67 kg/m^2 diagnosed with sleep apnea, CV disease, GERD, and suffered from stroke. Patient's mobility is significantly limited due to osteoarthritis and gout.
- class III WHO | - stage 3 EOSS
55
Management of stage 0 EOSS:
- identification of factors contributing to increased body weight - counselling to prevent further weight gain through lifestyle measures including healthy eating and increased PA
56
Management of stage 1 EOSS:
- investigation for other (non-weight related) contributors to risk factors - more intense lifestyle interventions including diet and exercise to prevent further weight gain - monitoring or risk factors and health status
57
Management of stage 2 EOSS:
- initiation of obesity treatments including considerations of all behavioural, pharmacological and surgical treatment options - close monitoring and management of comorbidities as indicated
58
Management of stage 3 EOSS:
- more intensive obesity treatment including consideration of all behavioural, pharmacological and surgical treatment options - aggressive management of comorbidities as indicated
59
Management of stage 4 EOSS:
- aggressive obesity management as deemed feasible | - palliative measures include pain management, OT, and psychosocial support
60
BMI is not good for....
- active individuals or athletes | - especially strength trained athletes
61
BMI interpretation may also be influenced by _____.
ethnicity (eg. Asian decent)
62
Waist circumference shows...
- where they carry weight - apple shape has higher risk than pear shape - central adiposity
63
WHO waist circumference:
narrowest point around waist
64
NIH waist circumference:
level of iliac crest
65
____ waist circumference was adopted by CSEP and clinical practice guidelines.
NIH
66
Cuttoffs for NIH WC protocol:
- men > 102 cm | - women > 88 cm
67
WHO: normal weight WC:
- men: > or equal to 90 cm | - women: > or equal to 80 cm
68
WHO: overweight WC:
- men: > or equal to 100 cm | - women: > or equal to 90 cm
69
WHO: obese class I WC:
- men: > or equal to 110 cm | - women: > or equal to 105 cm
70
WHO: obese class II WC:
- men: > or equal to 125 | - women: > or equal to 115 cm
71
WHO: obese class III WC:
- men: > or equal to 125 | - women: > or equal to 125 cm
72
_____ is an important variable when considering the interpretation of anthropometrics.
ethnicity
73
Waist/hip ratio:
circumference of hips as well as the waist (W/H in cm)
74
Waist/hip ratio accounts for ....
differences in overall body size
75
Waist/hip ratio provides an index of ....
relative fat distribution (ie. how much is carried viscerally
76
The greater the waist/hip ratio, the higher the ....
visceral fat in proportion to lower body and increased risk of disease
77
Waist/hip ratios for health risk:
- men > 0.89 | - women > 0.78
78
Waist/height ratio:
stratifies circumference of hips based on height (W/Ht in cm)
79
Waist/height ratio value _____ is healthy.
~0.5
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