Antibiotics

Question 0

What reaction do ß-lactam antibiotics prevent?

Answer 0

the cleavage of one D-alanine residue from the peptidoglycan precursor during cross-linking of peptidoglycan polymer

Question 1

What are 4 groups of beta lactam antibiotics?

Answer 1

1. penicillins
2. cephalosporins
3. monobactams
4. carbapenems

Question 2

The ß-lactam ring plays an important role in:
1.
2.

Answer 2

1. drug allergy

2. bacterial resistance

Question 3

What are the two mechanisms of bacterial resistance with penicillins?

Answer 3

1. destruction of ß-lactam ring by bacterial enzymes

2. inability to reach penicillin binding proteins (bacteria mask the PBPs with slime, etc)

Question 4

What are 4 classes of penicillins?

Answer 4

1. Natural
2. Penicilliniase Resistant
3. Amino-penicillins
4. Extended spectrum

Question 5

Name the agents that affect the bacterial cell wall.

Answer 5

Beta-lactam Abx
Vancomycin 
Lipoglycopeptides
Cycloserine  
Isoniazid