Antibotics [module 4]

Question 1

Antibiotics

Answer 1

Chemical substance that inhibit or kill bacterial cells with little or no harm to human tissue

Question 2

Aim of antibiotics

Answer 2

To aid the body’s immune system with fighting a Bacterial infection

Question 3

selective toxicity

Answer 3

Antibiotics interfere with the metabolism of the bacteria without affecting the metabolism of human cells

Question 4

2 ways antibiotics are described as

Answer 4

• bactericidal - they kill
• bacteriostatic - they inhibit growth processes

They target prokaryotic features but can affect both pathogenic and mutualistic bacteria living on or in the body

Question 5

Examples of antibiotics

Answer 5

Penicillin - inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall

Polymixin - affects cell surface membrane function

Question 6

Penicillin

Answer 6

• first widely used effective safe antibiotic capable of curing bacterial disease
• comes from mould discovered by sir Alexander Fleming In 1928 when he found it growing on his staphylococcus spp. cultures
• Fleming saw what the mould did to his bacteria but could not extract enough to test its potential
• often used for relatively minor infections where the immune system of the patient would deal with the infection with no serious difficulty
• antibiotics are becoming less effective in the treatment of bacterial diseases

Question 7

Pharmocogenetics

Answer 7

Personalised medicine where you are studying the relationship between an individuals genetic makeup and drug interactions

Question 8

What occurs in pharmacogenetics ?

Answer 8

Analysing the genome of both patient and pathogen to determine treatment