Define apartheid.
A policy of racial segregation and discrimination enforced in South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s.
What was the Population Registration Act?
A law that classified South Africans by race, forming the basis for apartheid policies.
True or false: The Bantu Education Act aimed to provide equal education for all races.
FALSE
It enforced inferior education for black South Africans to maintain racial segregation.
Fill in the blank: The Group Areas Act designated specific _______ for different racial groups.
areas
What was the purpose of the Pass Laws?
To control the movement of black South Africans and restrict their access to certain areas.
Define Sharpeville Massacre.
A 1960 event where police killed 69 peaceful protesters against pass laws, igniting international outrage.
What was the Defiance Campaign?
A 1952 mass protest against apartheid laws led by the African National Congress (ANC).
True or false: Nelson Mandela was a leader in the ANC.
TRUE
Mandela became the ANC’s president and was pivotal in the anti-apartheid movement.
Fill in the blank: The Freedom Charter was adopted in _______.
1955
What was the significance of the Soweto Uprising?
A 1976 protest against Afrikaans in schools, leading to widespread resistance against apartheid.
Define Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
A body established in 1995 to help heal South Africa after apartheid by uncovering past atrocities.
What was the CODESA?
The Convention for a Democratic South Africa, a negotiation process leading to the end of apartheid.
True or false: The 1994 elections were the first multiracial elections in South Africa.
TRUE
These elections marked the end of apartheid and Nelson Mandela’s election as president.
Fill in the blank: The Anti-Apartheid Movement was a global campaign against _______.
apartheid
What was the role of international sanctions during apartheid?
They pressured the South African government to end apartheid through economic and political isolation.
