APES unit 8

Question 1

What does the clean air act do?

Answer 1

Protects air quality and reduces air pollution - regulates industries and requires permits

Question 2

What does the clean water act do?

Answer 2

Improves and protects water from pollution - Funds treatments

Question 3

What does CITES do?

Answer 3

International protection of animals and plants threatened by illegal trading.

Question 4

What does the Kyoto protocol do?

Answer 4

Limits greenhouse gasses - limits and puts policies pn developed countries.

Question 5

What does the Montreal protocol do?

Answer 5

Protects ozone layer - phasing out production of subtances like CFC’s

Question 6

What does the Endangered species act do?

Answer 6

protects animals and their environment that are at risk of extinction.

Question 7

What does the Safe drinking water act do? (SWDA)

Answer 7

Maintains standard for water quality - EPA regulates every public water system.

Question 8

What does the Delaney clause do?

Answer 8

Bans/doesn’t allow additives that cause cancer - prohibits FDA from allowing the use of food additives.

Question 9

What does the Resource conservation and recovery act do? (RCRA)

Answer 9

Prevention/ cleaning of hazardous waste - EPA controls HW - disposal, transportation, storage treatment.

Question 10

What is Malaria?

Answer 10

Mosquitos - Fever chills, death - Sub Saharan Africa - Medicine inaccessible - Mosquitos nets (DDT prevention)

Question 11

What is the West nile virus?

Answer 11

Virus from mosquito Fever chills, deadly
Deadbirts #1 sign
“Newer” disease in the US

Question 12

What is Cholera

Answer 12

Bacteria found in water and food
Diarrhea and death
Eliminated in US
Still in developing countries w/o clean water

Question 13

What is Zika?

Answer 13

Virus from mosquito
Birth defects (small head)
Sexually transmitted, tropical areas

Question 14

What is the Plague?

Answer 14

Bacteria from fleas on rats and other rodents
Flu, fever, headaches, chills, weakness and swollen, tender lymph glands
Also spread through bodily fluids and tissues

Question 15

What is Tuberculosis?

Answer 15

Bacteria
Damages lungs, historically deadly.
coughing sneezing breathing in bacteria or by body fluids.
Antibiotics treat and cure but resistant strains coming back

Question 16

What is SARs?

Answer 16

Virus
Form of pneumonia/lung damage. Breathing in virus or by bodily fluids, mainly in asia

Question 17

What is MERs?

Answer 17

Virus
Respiratory problems, flue, camels and bats, mainly in middle east, few in US

Question 18

What is Dysentery?

Answer 18

Mostly bacteria
Diarrhea, intestinal problems
Untreated sewage and contaminated water

Question 19

Parts in the sewage treatment plant?

Answer 19

1. Screens
2. grit chamber
3. Settling tank
4. Aeration tank
5. settling tank
6. chlorine disinfection tank

Question 20

What is a point source pollution?

Answer 20

Single source
EX: industrial wastewater, municipal sewage plant discharges, and emissions from power plant smokestacks.

Question 21

How are point source pollutions regualted?

Answer 21

Clean Water Act - need permits from state or EPA before discharging any effluent.

Question 22

What is a nonpoint source pollution?

Answer 22

Cannot be traced to single source
EX: Agriculture - pesticides and fertilizers
Urban: Water runoff of toxic chemicalls,
construction runoff

Question 23

how is a nonpoint source regulated?

Answer 23

Manages w programs w partnerships w private landowners and business w local and state governments.

Question 24

Stages in Oxygen sag curve?

Answer 24

1. Clean zone
2. decomposition pollution
3. septic zone
4. recovery zone
5. clean zone

Question 25

What are endocrine disruptors?

Answer 25

Chemicals that mimic structure of hormones and messes up transport, metabolism, fun of hormones.

Question 26

What effects do endocrine disruptors have?

Answer 26

Reproduction abnormalities, Birth and development defects, Behavioral changes.

Question 27

Examples of Endocrine disruptors

Answer 27

BPA phthalates (fragrances/cosmetics) BPA (plastics), phthalates (fragrances/cosmetics)DDT and atrazine, flame retardants, PCBs

Question 28

What is bioaccumulation?

Answer 28

buildup of persistent chemicals It occurs when an organism absorbs toxins faster than it can metabolize or excrete them, often storing them in fat tissues. EX: DDT, Methylmercury, PCB

Question 29

What is biomagnification?

Answer 29

The accumulation of toxic chemicals/pollution in animals that increases the higher the trophic level.

Question 30

What is the difference between Eutrophic and Oligotrophic?

Answer 30

Eutrophic: High nutrients-High plant and algae pop-low dissolved oxygen Oligotrophic: low nutrient level-stable plant and algae pop-high dissolved oxygen.

Question 31

What does it mean for a body of water to be hypoxic?

Answer 31

As algae dies, sink to bottom, oxygen consuming microbes digest dead cells. Oxygen rapidly consumed reducing it to dangerously low levels.

Question 32

What impact does dumping hot water into ocean do?

Answer 32

Doesnt hold oxygen variation in temp impacts survival of eggs and larvae, Die off when DO low, Feeding breeding and migration behaviors changes.

Question 33

Lead

Answer 33

Neurotoxin - brain damage - and Kidney problems - bioaccumulates

Question 34

Examples of POPS

Answer 34

PCBS: Industrial fluid DDT: Banned in USA, (Killed birds) Used in other countries for Malaria

Question 35

Mercury

Answer 35

Neurotoxin/ brain damage and kidney problems

Question 36

Asbestos

Answer 36

Lung cancer (Mesothelioma)

Question 37

DDT

Answer 37

Blood of birds - Bird eggs crack - banned in US, bioaccumulates

Question 38

PCB

Answer 38

Industrial chemical Neurotoxin / brain damage and kidney problems - bioaccumulates

Question 39

Radon

Answer 39

Causes lung cancer

Question 40

Atrazine

Answer 40

Herbicide - Endocrine disruptor, amphibians become girls or boys, sexually impated, very common

Question 41

BPA

Answer 41

Plastic lining in cans, reciept, tape - probably endocrine disruptor - CA law bans it in baby products.