aPI570 chap 5

Question 1

Thickness measurement shall be obtained by whom?

Answer 1

inspector or the examiner at the director of the inspector

Question 2

who is responsible that individuals conducting thickness measurement are trained and qualified?

Answer 2

owner/user

Question 3

What is on stream thickness monitoring good tool for? (2)

Answer 3

1. monitoring corrosion and

2. assessing potential damage due to process or operational changes

Question 4

When is external visual used for? (9)

Answer 4

1. condition of outside of the piping
2. insulation system
3. painting
4. coating system
5. hardware
6. signs of misalignment
7. vibration
8. leakage
9. pipe hangers and support

Question 5

Types of screen techniques NDE? (2) and what data results it obtain? can be used to locate areas of interest for follow-up inspection using more quantitative NDE techniques

Answer 5

1. guided wave testing/EMAT
2. Lamb wave inspections

Qualitative

Question 6

cons of screening techniques? (2)

Answer 6

1. may miss significant localized corrosion

2. limited to the qualitative data results

Question 7

Use screen technique with …

Answer 7

quantitative NDE techniques

Question 8

what else should they be alert on during External visual? (4)

Answer 8

1. bellows expansion joints
2. presence of field modification or repairs
3. presence of any components that may be unsuitable for long-term operation, such as improper flanges, temporary repairs, valve of improper specification
4. weldment of attachments

Question 9

Vibrating pipes and line movement surveillance at locations where vibrating piping system are restrained to resist dynamic pipe stresses - what should be done? (type of NDE -2)

Answer 9

periodic MT or PT should be considered to check for the onset of fatigue cracking

Question 10

What is done on supplemental inspection? for fouling/plugging or leaks

Answer 10

1. periodic use of RT or thermography to check for fouling or internal plugging.
2. acoustic emission, and thermography can be used for remote leak detection

Question 11

what type of NDE to be done with NPS > 12?

Answer 11

scanning of the areas with UT

Question 12

of CML on higher CR or localized corrosion?

Answer 12

normally have more CMLs and monitored more frequently

Question 13

How are thickness measurement made?

Answer 13

4 quadrants on pipe and fitting with special attention to the inside/outside radius of elbows and tees

Question 14

When can CMLs be eliminated or the number reduce?

Answer 14

1. when the expected damage mechanism will not result in a wall loss or other forms of deterioration - may need to consult with CS

Question 15

Fewer CMLs can be selected for piping systems with any of the following three characteristics:

Answer 15

a) low potential for creating a safety or environmental emergency in the event of a leak;
b) relatively noncorrosive piping systems;
c) long, straight-run piping systems.

Question 16

CMLs can be eliminated for piping systems with any of the following characteristics: (3)

Answer 16

a) extremely low potential for creating a safety or environmental emergency in the event of a leak;
b) noncorrosive systems, as demonstrated by history or similar service; and
c) systems not subject to changes that could cause corrosion as demonstrated by history and/or periodic reviews.

Question 17

When is profile RT (PRT) used? (3)

Answer 17

1. small bore piping (NPS 1 or less)
2. may be used for measuring thicknesses, particularly in insulated systems
3. where nonuniform or localized corrosion is suspected.

Question 18

When ultrasonic measurements are taken above ____ F___instruments, couplants, and procedures should be used that will result in accurate measurements at the higher temperatures

Answer 18

150 F

Question 19

When to use UT angle Beam examiners? (2)

Answer 19

a) detection of interior surface (ID) breaking flaws when inspecting from the external surface (OD); or
b) detection, characterization, and/or through-wall sizing of defects

Question 20

Inspection for CUI shall be considered for externally-insulated carbon and low alloy piping operating between

Answer 20

10 °F

–12 °C) and 350 °F (175 °C

Question 21

What NDE can help to determine if any scale is present behind the insulation without removal.

Answer 21

Non-intrusive techniques such as real time radiography

Question 22

Mixing points? definition

Answer 22

locations in piping systems where two or more different streams meet.

Question 23

the preferred methods of inspecting mixing points include; (2) - NDE

Answer 23

1. radiography and
2. ultrasonics (straight beam and/or angle beam) to determine the minimum measured thickness and/or the presence of other susceptible damage mechanisms

Question 24

Mixing points may be treated as separate inspection circuits, and these areas may need to be inspected differently, using (3)

Answer 24

1 . special techniques,

2. different scope,
3. and at more frequent intervals when compared to the inspection plan for the parent/contributing piping stream(s).

Question 25

Injection points are sometimes subject to ________ or _______ corrosion

Answer 25

accelerated or localized

Question 26

When designing an injection point circuit for the purposes of inspection, the inspection (2) upstream/downstream

Answer 26

1. upstream limit of the injection point circuit is a minimum of 12 in. (300 mm) or three pipe diameters upstream of the injection point, 2. downstream limit of the injection point circuit is the second change in flow direction past the injection point, or 25 ft (7.6 m) beyond the first change in flow direction, whichever is less.

Question 27

preferred methods of inspecting injection points (3) (NDE)

Answer 27

1. radiography and/or 2. UT scanning or 3. closely spaced UT grid inspection

Question 28

During periodic scheduled inspections, more extensive inspection should be applied where at the IP? upstream/downstream

Answer 28

to an area beginning 12 in. (300 mm) upstream of the injection nozzle and continuing for at least ten pipe diameters downstream of the injection point.

Question 29

The potential for localized corrosion can occur at the junction where the injection point enters_______ . The use of profile radiography at the junction and UT manual scanning of the primary pipe (surrounding and downstream of the junction) is recommended

Answer 29

into the primary pipe

Question 30

________tests_____ are not normally conducted as part of a routine inspection

Answer 30

Pressure tests

Question 31

pressure tests shall be performed in accordance with the requirements

Answer 31

ASME B31.3 , Additional considerations for pressure testing are provided in API 574, API 579-1/ ASME FFS-1, and ASME PCC-2 Article 5.1

Question 32

When a pressure test is required, it shall be conducted after

Answer 32

any heat treatment.

Question 33

Before applying a hydrostatic test, what should be done so that we know it is suitable for a hydrostatic load?

Answer 33

the supporting structures and foundation design should be reviewed by an engineer

Question 34

The owner/user is cautioned to avoid exceeding 90 % of the specified ________for the material at test temperature and especially for equipment used in elevated temperature service.

Answer 34

minimum yield strength (SMYS)

Question 35

Piping fabricated of or having components of austenitic stainless steel should be hydrotested with as solution made up of potable water (see note), de-ionized/de-mineralized water or steam condensate having a total chloride concentration (not free chlorine concentration) ___________________

Answer 35

of less than 50 ppm.

Question 36

For sensitized austenitic stainless steel piping subject to polythionic stress corrosion cracking, consideration should be given to using an ______________for pressure test

Answer 36

alkaline-water solution for pressure testing (see NACE RP 0170).

Question 37

The test fluid should be _______if not, another suitable nontoxic liquid may be used. If the liquid is flammable, its flash point shall be at least ______

Answer 37

water , 120 °F (49 °C) or greater

Question 38

what needs to be considered when using a pneumatic pressure test?

Answer 38

potential risks to personnel and property of pneumatic testing shall be considered when carrying out such a test.

Question 39

How to minimize brittle fracture during a pressure test? (3)

Answer 39

the metal temperature should be maintained at least 1. 30 °F (17 °C) above the MDMT for piping that is more than 2 in. (5 cm) thick, 2. and 10 °F (6 °C) above the MDMT for piping that have a thickness of 2 in. (5 cm) or less. 3. The test temperature need not exceed 120 °F (50 °C)

Question 40

what material is susceptible to brittle failure and at what temperatures?

Answer 40

at ambient temperatures AND carbon, low-alloy, and other steels, including high alloy steels

Question 41

special attention shall be given to what materials because they are prone to temper embrittlement?

Answer 41

when testing low-alloy steels, especially 21 /4Cr-1Mo,

Question 42

A number of failures have been attributed to brittle fracture of steels that were exposed to temperatures below their transition temperature and to pressures greater than 25 % of the _____(2).

Answer 42

1. required hydrostatic test pressure | 2. 8 ksi of stress, whichever is less

Question 43

The potential for a brittle failure shall be evaluated by an______ prior to hydrostatic testing or especially prior to pneumatic testing because of the higher potential energy involved

Answer 43

engineer

Question 44

During a pressure test, where the test pressure will exceed the set pressure of the pressure relieving device on a piping system, what should be done?(2)

Answer 44

1. the pressure relieving device(s) should be removed or blanked for the duration of the test OR 2. each valve disk shall be held down by a suitably designed test clamp.

Question 45

what is prohibited during a pressure test for a PRD?

Answer 45

The application of an additional load to the valve spring by turning the adjusting screw is prohibited.

Question 46

what to do with Other appurtenances that are incapable of withstanding the test pressure, such as gage glasses, pressure gages, expansion joints, and rupture disks, ?

Answer 46

should be removed or blanked.

Question 47

Lines containing expansion joints that cannot be removed or isolated may be tested at a reduced pressure in accordance

Answer 47

ASME B31.3

Question 48

who must approved to alternatives NDE to pressure test ?

Answer 48

only after the engineer and inspector have approved the substitution.

Question 49

NDEs used for alternative pressure test?

Answer 49

1. UT --> owner/user shall specify industry-qualified UT angle beam examiners 2. ASME B31 Code Case 179 may be used in lieu of RT for B31.1 piping welds 3. alternative UT acceptance criteria provided in B31 Code Case 181 may be used in lieu of those described in para.

Question 50

which APi code for Material verification?

Answer 50

API578

Question 51

Inspection plans for sulfidation corrosion should be in accordance with

Answer 51

API 939-C.

Question 52

In lines in older process units operating above 500 °F (260 °C) and subject to sulfidation corrosion, carbon steel piping containing less than 0.1 wt % silicon can corrode at _________ silicon carbon steels (modern “silicon-killed” process).

Answer 52

significantly higher rates than

Question 53

what is 344.6.2 of ASME B31.3 use for?

Answer 53

for closure welds that have not been pressure tested and for welding repairs identified by the engineer or inspector

Question 54

What kind of inspection should be considered on older low silicon carbon steels?

Answer 54

consideration should be given to conducting inspection of each piping segment in order to identify the worst case corrosion rate / limiting component

Question 55

What kind of inspections are performed on valves?

Answer 55

visually examine when valves are dismantle for unusual corrosion patterns and thinning.

Question 56

Bodies of valves that are exposed to significant temperature cycling should be examined ______.

Answer 56

periodically for thermal fatigue cracking.

Question 57

If gate valves are known to be or are suspected of being exposed to severe or unusual corrosion-erosion....what to be done and where on the valve

Answer 57

thickness readings should be conducted on the body between the seats, since this is an area of high turbulence and high stress.

Question 58

Control valves or other throttling valves, particularly in high-pressure drop and slurry services, can be susceptible to___________. If such metal loss is suspected, what should be done?____ (2).

Answer 58

1. localized corrosion/erosion of the body downstream of the orifice. 1. he valve should be removed from the line for internal inspection. 2. The inside of the downstream mating flange and piping also should be inspected for local metal loss.

Question 59

When valve body and/or closure pressure tests are performed after servicing, they should be conducted in accordance

Answer 59

with API 598

Question 60

Critical check valves shall be

Answer 60

adequately inspected or tested to provide greater assurance that they will prevent flow reversals

Question 61

inspection for check valves? (3)

Answer 61

a) Checking to insure that the flapper is free to move, b) The flapper stop should not have wear beyond tolerance. c. The flapper nut should be secured to the flapper bolt to avoid backing off in service.

Question 62

Why use an NDE method that is different from the one employed during original fabrication? good practice to do what?

Answer 62

may reveal pre-existing flaws that were not caused by in-service exposure , For this reason, it is often a good practice to specify the types of NDE during original fabrication that the owner/user plans to apply during in-service inspections

Question 63

What to do when radiographic profile examinations of welds that have been in-service may reveal a flaw in the weld. (2)

Answer 63

1. further inspection with weld quality radiography and/or UT should be used to assess the magnitude of the imperfection. 2. inspector should try to determine whether the crack-like imperfections are from original weld fabrication or may be from an environmental cracking mechanism.

Question 64

Crack-like flaws and environmental cracking shall be assessed by an engineer in accordance

Answer 64

with API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 and/or corrosion specialist. Preferential weld corrosion shall be assessed by the inspector.

Question 65

For in-service piping weldments, it may not be appropriate to use the original construction code radiography acceptance criteria for weld quality in __(code book)__. Why?

Answer 65

ASME B31.3. B/C.... The B31.3 acceptance criteria are intended to apply to new construction on a sampling of welds, Some welds may exist that will not meet these criteria but will still perform satisfactorily inservice after being hydrostatically tested. This is especially true on small branch connections that are normally not examined during new construction

Question 66

The owner/user shall specify industry-qualified UT angle beam examiners when the owner/user requires either of the following items (2)

Answer 66

a) Detection of interior surface (ID) breaking planar flaws when inspecting from the external surface (OD). b) Where detection, characterization, and/or through-wall sizing is required of planar defects.

Question 67

welds are often inspected for corrosion as part of a (2) NDE

Answer 67

1. radiographic profile inspection | 2. or as part of internal inspection.

Question 68

Flanged joints should be examined for evidence of

Answer 68

leakage, such as stains, deposits, or drips.

Question 69

flange faces should be examined for (2)

Answer 69

for distortion and to determine the condition of gasket-seating surfaces.

Question 70

If flanges are significantly bent or distorted, what should be done

Answer 70

1. their markings and thicknesses should be checked against engineering requirements before taking corrective action.

Question 71

Flange fasteners should be examined visually for (2)

Answer 71

corrosion and thread engagement.

Question 72

Additional guidance on the inspection of flanged joints can be found in

Answer 72

ASME PCC-1.

Question 73

Any fastener is considered acceptably engaged if the lack of complete engagement is not

Answer 73

more than one thread.