Apicomplexa: Coccidia

Question 1

What organisms make up the Coccidia family. (6)

Answer 1

• Cryptosporidium parvum
• Cryptosporidium hominis
• Cyclospora cayetanesis
• CystoIsospora belli
• Sarcocytis
• Toxoplasma gondii

Question 2

Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis - Small Bowel Biopsy:

• Shape/feature
• Size
• Location

Answer 2

• Dome-shaped/Basophilic
• 8-15 um
• Apical surface of enterocytes

Question 3

Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis - Stool sample:

• size
• stain

Answer 3

• 4-6 um oocysts

- modified Acid-Fast stain

Question 4

Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis:

• Symptoms
• Population

Answer 4

• Protracted Watery diarrhea

- Immunocompromised

Question 5

Cyclospora cayetanensis - Small Bowel Bx:

-Findings (2)

Answer 5

• Inside Enterocytes

- Different stages of organism

Question 6

Cyclospora cayetanensis - Stool sample:

-stains (2)

Answer 6

• Modified acid-fast stain

- Autofluorescence

Question 7

Cyclospora cayetanensis:

• Transmission
• Symptom

Answer 7

• Imported soft fruits/veggies*
• Watery diarrhea

*Nepal, Peru, Haiti, Guatemala

Question 8

CystoIsospora belli - Small Bowel Bx:

• Shape
• Location

Answer 8

• Oval structures

- Within Enterocytes

Question 9

CystoIsospora belli - Stool sample:

• Form
• Size
• Shape
• Sporocysts
• Stain

Answer 9

Oocyts

• 25 um
• Ellipsoidal-shape
• 1 or 2 sporocysts
• Modified acid-fast stain

Question 10

CystoIsospora belli - Symptom.

Answer 10

Watery diarrhea

Question 11

Sarcocystis:

• Infect what organ/tissue (2)
• Symptoms

Answer 11

• Intestine (diarrhea)

- Striated muscle (myositis)

Question 12

Sarcocystis - Stool:

• Form
• Size
• Sporocysts
• UV microscopy
• Acid-Fast

Answer 12

Oocyts

• 15-20x15-20 um
• 2 sporocysts
• Autofluoresce under UV
• Weakly Acid-Fast

Question 13

Sarcocystis - Skeletal/Cardiac muscle:

-Form

Answer 13

Bradyzoites

Question 14

Toxoplasma gondii - Tissue Biopsy - Tachyzoites:

• Size
• Shape
• Nucleus
• Kinetoplast (Y/N)

Answer 14

• 3-5 um
• Curved structures
• Large, Eccentric nucleus
• NO kinetoplast

Question 15

Toxoplasma gondii - Bradyzoites:

• Location
• Function/form

Answer 15

Intracellular

-Replicative form

Question 16

Toxoplasma gondii - Serology:

-IgM+

Answer 16

Congenital and Acute infections

Question 17

Toxoplasma gondii - Serology:

-IgG (rising or >1:1024)

Answer 17

Recent infection

Question 18

Toxoplasma gondii - Serology:

• IgG (low levels)
• Pregnancy risk?

Answer 18

Prior infection

-Not at risk

Question 19

Toxoplasma gondii:

-Definitive Host

Answer 19

Cat

Question 20

Toxoplasma gondii:

-Transmission (4)

Answer 20

• Ingestion of cat oocyst contaminated feces
• Ingestion of undercooked meat harboring tissue cysts
• Blood/organ transplant
• Transplacentally

Question 21

Toxoplasma gondii - Clinical symptoms:

-General

Answer 21

Mononucleosis syndrome w/

-Posterior Cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 22

Toxoplasma gondii - Clinical symptoms -Transplacental :

• First trimester
• Later pregnancy

Answer 22

• Risk of Fetal loss

- Fetal CNS infection

Question 23

Toxoplasma gondii - fetal CNS infection findings. (2)

Answer 23

• Periventricular calcification

- Chorioretinitis

Question 24

Toxoplasma gondii - Clinical symptoms:

-Immunocoporomised

Answer 24

CNS toxoplasmosis