approaches a01

Question 1

explain the defence mechanism repression

Answer 1

repression - forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious mind

Question 2

explain the defence mechanism denial

Answer 2

refusing to acknowledge some aspect of reality

Question 3

explain the defence mechanism displacement

Answer 3

transferring feelings from true source of distressing emotion onto a substitute target

Question 4

oral (0-1)

Answer 4

mouth is pleasure source, fixation = smoking

Question 5

anal (1-3)

Answer 5

anus is pleasure source, toilet training occurs
fixation = anal retentive- perfectionist, obsessive
anal expulsive - thoughtless messy

Question 6

phallic (3-6)

Answer 6

genitals are pleasure source, opedius + Electra comples (sexual feelings towards opposite sex parent) resolved by identifying with same gender parent
fixation - homosexuality

Question 7

latent + genital stage (6-death)

Answer 7

sexual drives repressed. Genitals become pleasure source again - child is an adult

Question 8

Explain counselling psychology- humanistic

Answer 8

• Rogers developed client centred therapy. This would help those with low self-esteem and help them self actualise.
• Those in therapy are seen as clients not patient and it is the role of the therapist to help them discover their own solutions within a supportive, non-judgemental environment
• The therapist must be genuine empathetic and must give the client unconditional positive regard to help build their self-esteem.