How did industrialization change American life?
- Changed how Americans lived
- Changed how Americans shopped
- Changed how Americans relaxed
Industrialization led to significant shifts in daily routines and social structures.
Who was Thomas Edison?
Inventor associated with the Menlo Park invention lab
Edison’s work with electricity transformed daily life.
What does a Green flag indicate at the beach?
Safe, open conditions for swimming
Beach flags communicate water safety conditions.
What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
Established ‘separate but equal’ doctrine
This Supreme Court case legalized Jim Crow segregation.
What is Muscular Christianity?
Promoted physical strength + moral character
Supported by Theodore Roosevelt and associated with the YMCA.
What was the National League founded for?
To organize professional baseball in 1876
It became known as ‘America’s Game’.
What did Ida B. Wells fight against?
Racial violence and injustice
She was an African American journalist known for her activism.
What is the difference between preservation and conservation?
- Preservation: Nature should remain untouched
- Conservation: Nature should be managed responsibly
John Muir advocated for preservation, while Theodore Roosevelt supported conservation.
What did the Comstock Act (1873) ban?
Distribution of sexual materials
It outlawed birth control information and restricted mail-order contraceptives.
What is the role of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)?
Linked temperance to women’s rights
Frances Willard was a prominent leader of the WCTU.
What is Social Darwinism?
Claimed wealthy were the ‘fittest’
Used to justify social inequality.
Who was Margaret Sanger?
Birth control advocate
She had controversial ties to the eugenics movement.
What did the Salvation Army promote?
Addressing social problems through Christianity
It helped the poor and spread reform messages.
What is Fundamentalism?
Reaction against modern science
It emphasized a literal interpretation of the Bible.
What does ‘separate but equal’ refer to?
Legalized segregation under the law
Established by the Plessy v. Ferguson case.
What was the Atlanta Compromise?
Accommodationism advocating economic success first
Associated with Booker T. Washington and African American education.
What is the significance of the Audubon Society?
Early wildlife protection and hunting regulations
It played a role in environmentalism.
What did Elizabeth Cady Stanton advocate for?
Women’s independence
She emphasized the concept of the ‘solitude of self’.
What is the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)?
Organization for women’s suffrage
It evolved from suffrage to early feminism.
What did Walter Camp contribute to sports?
Known as the ‘Father of American Football’
He emphasized discipline and military-style training in college football.
What were the key themes of the period?
- Consumerism reshaped daily life
- Gender roles were challenged and reinforced
- Science conflicted with religion
- Racism shaped law, culture, and opportunity
- Reform movements grew from moral activism
These themes highlight the societal changes during this era.
