What is the basic concept of Arc-Welding processes?
Developed in the mid-1800s, electrical energy is used to produce heat, and the arc produces a temperature of about 30,000°C.
What are the two main types of Arc-Welding?
- Consumable Arc Welding
- Non-consumable Arc Welding
List the welding equipment used in Arc-Welding.
- AC and DC Transformer
- Electrode with Electrode Holder
- Earthling Clamps
- Connector
- Face Shield
- Chipping Hammer
In what industries is Arc-Welding commonly used?
General construction, shipbuilding, pipelines, and maintenance work.
What are the advantages of Arc-Welding?
- Low cost of equipment
- Can be carried out in various positions (Horizontal, Vertical, Overhead, Flat, Inclined)
What is a limitation of Arc-Welding?
Different materials cannot be welded together effectively.
Name the types of Consumable Electrode Arc-Welding processes.
- Shielded Metal-Arc Welding
- Submerged Arc Welding
- Gas-Metal Arc Welding (MIG)
- Electrogas Welding
- Electroslag Welding
Name the types of Non-consumable Electrode Arc-Welding processes.
- Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (TIG)
- Atomic Hydrogen Welding
- Plasma Arc Welding
What is Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) used for?
It is used in general construction, shipbuilding, pipelines, and maintenance work, particularly in remote areas, for workpieces with thicknesses of 3mm-19mm.
What are the different types of weld joints in SMAW?
- Lap
- Butt
- Corner
- Edge
- T-joint
What is the difference between AC and DC welding in terms of properties?
Power Consumption: AC is lower; DC is higher.
Arc Stability: AC is unstable; DC is stable.
Cost: AC is cheaper; DC is more expensive.
Weight: AC equipment is lighter; DC is heavier.
Efficiency: AC is more efficient; DC is less efficient.
What is Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)?
A process where the weld zone is submerged under granular powder, with a consumable electrode (1.5mm-10mm diameter), and electric current between 300A and 2000A.
What are the advantages of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)?
- High deposition rates (up to 45kg/h)
- High operating factors
- Deep weld penetration
- Minimal fumes
- Suitable for both indoor and outdoor work
- High speed welding of thin sheets (up to 5m/min)
What are the disadvantages of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)?
- Limited to flat welding positions
- Flux contamination leads to porosity
- Requires cleaning of the workpiece before welding
- Slag removal needed after welding
What are the applications of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)?
- Low-alloy, high-tensile steels
- Pressure vessels like boilers
- Structural shapes, earth-moving equipment, pipes
- Railroad construction, locomotives, shipbuilding
- Repairing machine parts
What is Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (TIG)?
A process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode, no flux, and shielding gases like argon and helium, often preferred for materials like aluminum and magnesium.
What are the components of the TIG welding process?
- Welding torch
- Power supply
- Electrode
- Shielding gas
What is Gas Metal-Inert Gas Welding (MIG)?
A process that uses a consumable wire electrode fed through a nozzle, deoxidizers in the electrode metal, and different transfer modes (Spray, Globular, Short Circuit).
What are the basic processes in MIG welding?
- Bare-wire electrode process
- Magnetic flux process
- Flux-cored electrode process
