ARDS

Question 1

Causes of ARDS

Answer 1

• Sepsis 46%
• Pneumonia
• Embolism
• Blood transfusions
• Broken Bones
• Reperfusion pulmonary edema
• Transfusion related

Question 2

Clinical manifestations

Answer 2

• Is non-uniform or patchy in the lungs
• Increased Capillary permeability- wet, heavy lungs
• Loss of surfactant leads to alveolar collapse and stiff lungs
• Hyaline membrane develops in the intravascular walls = stiffer lungs
• Inflammatory cytokines causing cell damage

Question 3

CXR images and findings

Answer 3

• Increased opacity
• WHITE - OUT*
• Ground glass appearance
• Air Bronchograms
• Infiltrates

Question 4

RACE

Answer 4

• Repetitive alveolar collapse and expansion

- RACE- sets off cytokines and chemical mediators which cause further inflammation and can cause sepsis

Question 5

Berlin Definition

Answer 5

-Timing- Within 1 week of injury
-Chest imaging - Bilateral opacities
-Origin of Edema- Rule out cardio Edema
-Oxygenation- Mild 200-300 w/PEEP 5
Moderate 100-200 w/PEEP 5
Severe- Less than 100 w/PEEP 5